国外地球同步轨道气象卫星成像观测模式发展分析-中国气象局图书馆.PDFVIP

气象科技 进展 国外地球同步轨道气象卫星成像观测模式发展分析 张晓虎 陆风 窦芳丽 许健民 （国家卫星气象中心，北京 100081） 摘要：经过多年的发展，国外气象卫星从定时开展全圆盘观测逐步发展到定时全圆盘观测与灵活的区域观测相结合的灵 活机动观测模式。定时全圆盘观测主要用于支持大尺度天气系统追踪，数值预报应用以及气候数据集建设；区域观测主 要是充分发挥新一代卫星成像仪器时间空间分辨率的优势，开展1000～2000km尺度天气系统，尤其是中小尺度快速变 化的对流系统和台风的监测，为天气分析和预警服务。选取有代表性的新一代静止气象卫星两类成像仪器，以采用长线 列二维扫描成像机制的美国GOES-R成像仪/欧洲MTG成像仪和采用焦平面成像机制的韩国气象海洋卫星海洋水色仪作 为典型光学成像类仪器，讨论其灵活成像模式，以期为我国第二代静止气象卫星风云四号的观测模式优化提供参考。 关键词：静止气象卫星，风云二号，风云四号，区域观测，高频次 DOI：10.3969/j.issn.2095-1973.2016.01.020 Analysis on the Observation Model of Foreign Geostationary Meteorological Satellite Zhang Xiaohu, Lu Feng, Dou Fangli, Xu Jianmin (National Satellite Meteorological Centre, Beijing 100081) Abstract: After years of development, the observation mode of foreign geostationary meteorological satellite was progressively developed from regular full disk to a combination of regular full disk and regional mode. Regular full disk observations used to support tracking of large-scale weather systems, applications of numerical weather prediction and construction of climate data sets, while regional observations used to monitor 1000-2000 km scale weather systems, especially typhoon and rapidly changing small and medium-scale convective systems. Regional observation gives a full play to the new generation of satellite imaging instruments advantage of temporal and spatial resolution in weather analysis and early warning service. In order to provide reference of the observation mode optimization for Chinas second generation geostationary meteorological satellites (fengyun 4 series), two representative typical optical imaging instruments of new generation geostationary meteorological satellites, linear array two-dimensional scanning imaging instrument of GOE