英语的句型讲解.ppt

句子包括哪些成分？ １．主语：主语是在句子中说明全句中心主题的部分．一般由名词，代词，不定式，动名词或从句充当．它的位置一般在句首． 谓语： 谓语说明主语做什么，是什么，怎么样，由简单动词或者动词短语构成． 表语： 表语说明主语是什么，或者怎么样，由名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，不定式，动名词，短语，或者从句充当．表语位于系动词后面． 宾语 宾语是动作，行为的对象，由名词，代词，短语，不定式，动名词，从句充当．它和及物动词一起说明主语做了什么，在谓语之后． 宾语补足语 在英语中，有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思，还必须在宾语后面家上宾语补足语才能表达完整的意思．它起补充说明宾语干什么，怎么样的作用． 它可以由名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，不定式，现在分词和过去分词充当． 状语 状语用来修饰动词，形容词或副词．它表示行为发生的时间，地点，目的，方式，程度．一般由副词，介词短语，不定式或相当于副词的词或短语充当，也可由从句来充当． 定语 定语用来修饰名词或代词．形容词，代词，数词，名词，介词短语，不定式，动名词，分词，从句都可以充当定语． homework * 基本句型 什么是句子？ 句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的，是能表达一个完整概念的语言单位．句子的第一个字母必须大写，结尾要有．？ ！ I am a teacher. Are you a student? How beautiful the girl is ! The girl is pretty. Reading is useful. To see is to believe. They are good friends. They are teachers. She looks well. He studies hard. He laughed at his classmates. He can speak English. I am a teacher. She is happy. Everybody is here. They are at home now. My job is to teach English. Seeing is believing. She plays the piano. He often helps me. I like watching TV. She likes to go to shop this afternoon. I think that he is good guy. If you let me go, I’ll make you king. Leave the door open. We found John out when we arrived. Make yourself at home. I saw him enter the hall. The boss keeps them working all day. I heard my name called. He did it carefully. Without his help, we couldn’t work it out. In order to catch up with my classmates, I must study hard. I was born on June 9th 1982 in Guangxi. He is writing with a pen. The black bike is mine. What’s your name? A broken vase. I have 5 books. A sleeping boy. They made paper flowers. The boy in the room is Jack. I have something to do. It is a swimming pool. laugh me made He S+V+O+OC 第５种 a pen. me gave she S+v+IO+DO 第４种 students are We Ｓ＋ｖ＋ｐ 第３种 violin. plays He Ｓ＋Ｖ＋０ 第２种 work We S+V 第1种 宾补oc 宾语 0 表语/宾语 p 谓语动词 v 主语S 类型 种类 基本句型一．主语 + 系动词 + 表语： A foreign language is a weapon in the struggle of life. The plan sounds perfect. This material feels soft. 系动词词义不完整，在句中不能单独使用（除省