营养学 酒精与 营养.ppt

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * As a result , alcohol interferes with the action of folate in converting homocysteine to the nonessential amino acid methionine. * * * * The most devastating long-term effect of alcohol is the damage done to a child whose mother abused alcohol during pregnancy. * * When a pregnant woman takes a drink, her fetus takes the same drink within minutes, and its body is defenseless against the effects. A sudden dose of alcohol can halt the delivery of oxygen through the umbilical cord. Alcohol also slow cell division, reducing the number of cells produced and inflicting abnormalities on those that produced alcohol also interferes with placental transport of nutrients to the fetus and can cause malnutrition in the mother. A pregnant woman harms her unborn child not only by consuming alcohol but also be not consuming food. This combination enhances the likelihood of malnutrition and a poorly developed infant. It is important to realize ,however, that malnutrition is not the cause of FAS. It is true that mothers of FAS children often have unbalanced diets and nutrient deficiencies. It is also true that malnutrition may augment the clinical signs seen in these children, but it is the alcohol that is the damaging factor. An adequate die alone will not prevent FAS if alcohol abuse continues throughout the pregnancy * * Alcohol crosses the placenta freely and deprives the developing fetal brain of both nutrients and oxygen the result may be fetal alcohol syndrome, a cluster of syndromes that includes : * * Each year ,more than 5000 infants are born with FAS in US; in addition, an estimates 50000 infants are born with the less serious, yet still significant , damage some clinicians describe as fetal alcohol effects. some children with FAE no outward signs ; others may be short or have only minor facial abnormalities. often children with FAE go undiagnosed even when problems develop in the early school years. Learning disabilities