长难句分析 专插本英语.ppt

长难句分析 付小艳 专题一 定语从句 定语从句的修饰对象一直是阅读中经常遇到而难以把握的问题，定语从句的关系词究竟修饰上文中的哪个单词、短语或整个句子，一要靠语言知识，二要根据上下文进行逻辑判断。 定语从句有限定性和非限定性之分。此外，定语从句和主句之间还存在着状语关系，说明原因、目的、让步、假设等关系。 定语从句 1.But he did not talk at length about the matter, which was not considered by the White House to be a particularly important question. (说明原因) 他没有详细地谈这件事，因为白宫没有把它看作是个特别重要的问题。 词汇： at length 终于，最后,详细地at large 详尽的；未被捕的，整个的 the White House 白宫 定语从句 2.Anyone who thinks that rational knowledge need not be derived from perceptual knowledge is an idealist. (假设) 如果认为理性知识可以不从感性知识得来，他就是一个唯心主义者。 词汇： Rational [r???n?l] 合理的；理性的 Derive from 源出，来自，得自；衍生于 Perceptual [p?sept?u?l] 知觉的；感知的；有知觉的 Idealist 空想家，理想主义者；唯心主义者 4.He insisted on buying a car, which he could not afford and had no use for( 不需要；不喜欢) (表让步) 他坚持要买辆轿车，尽管他买不起，而且也不需要。 1. Libraries made education possible, and education in its turn added to libraries; the growth of knowledge followed a kind of compound-interest law, which was greatly enhanced by the invention of printing. 要点：从内容上分析，which修饰 “the growth of knowledge” 图书馆的出现使教育的发展成为可能，而教育的发展又反过来使图书馆不断扩大充实。知识的增长遵循了一种复利法则。由于印刷术的发明，这一知识增长过程得以大大加速。 3. There are probably no question we can think up that can’t be answered, sooner or later, including even that matter of consciousness. 词汇： sooner or later 迟早，早晚 think up 想出，发明；设计出 Consciousness [k?n??snis] 1.有知觉;清醒The patient lost consciousness. 病人失去了知觉。 2. (个人或群体的)意念;意识 3. 感觉,觉察 专题二 倒装句 为了强调句子某一部分，或为了保持句子平衡，避免头重脚轻，英语常采用倒装方法。倒装可分为主谓倒装和非谓倒装。主谓倒装又分为完全倒装和部分倒装。 倒 装 1. Along with them goes social mobility ，ambition to rise in the urban world,a main factor in bringing down the births in Europe in the nineteenth century. 要点：这是一个完全倒装句，主语是social mobility…… century，谓语动词是goes。 ambition to rise in the urban world 是对social mobility 的进一步说明。A main factor 在意思上相当于which is a main factor in …..century，修饰ambition to …world。本句可以按原文顺序翻译 倒装 2. The progress of science depends upon many factors ,and not least among these is the