政府政策与市场供求.ppt

* * * * * * * * NOTE: On this and subsequent slides, “PB” denotes the price buyers pay and “PS” denotes the price sellers receive. (The Chapter 8 PowerPoint uses the same notation for the welfare analysis of taxes.) The government makes buyers pay a $1.50 on each pizza they purchase. The new demand curve (in red, labeled D2) reflects buyers’ demand as a function of the after-tax price. The original demand curve (D1) still reflects buyers’ demand as a function of the total price – inclusive of the tax. Thus, buyers’ demand hasn’t really changed: at each quantity, the height of the orig