绵羊多胎主效基因研究进展.pdfVIP

HEREDITAS (Beijing) 2011 9 , 33(9): 953―961 ISSN 0253-9772 综 述 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1005.2011.00953 绵羊多胎主效基因研究进展 王建起, 曹文广 , 100193 绵羊存在影响多胎性状的主效基因。BMPR-IB 的突变体FecB 对排卵数的增加具有增强效应, GDF-9 的 突变体FecGH 和FecI 及BMP-15 的突变体FecXI 、FecXH 、FecX G 、FecXB 、FecXL 和FecXR 均为纯合子不育, 杂合子增加排卵数, 而GDF-9 的突变体FecGE 只有纯合子增加排卵数。Woodlands 和Lacaune 是遗传方式已知 的多胎主效基因。Woodlands 是与X 染色体连锁的母系印迹基因, Lacaune 与FecB 类似对排卵数的增加具有增 强效应。主效基因突变体单拷贝增加排卵数的效应具有差异性, FecB 和 FecXL 的效应最高可增加 1.5 个, Woodlands 最低可增加0.4 个。研究绵羊多胎性状主效基因不仅有助于家畜的选种选育, 提高绵羊繁殖力, 而且 为研究哺乳动物的繁殖机制开拓了新的方向。文章综述了绵羊多胎主效基因的来源、定位、表型、作用机制以 及我国绵羊品种多胎主效基因的研究现状, 旨在为深入研究绵羊多胎主效基因的作用机制及为绵羊多胎品种 的选育提供参考。 绵羊; 多胎; 主效基因; 突变体 Progress in exploring genes for high fertility in ewes WANG Jian-Qi, CAO Wen-Guang Institute of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China Abstract: Fecundity trait in sheep is regulated by some major genes. Among them, BMPR-IB, BMP-15, and GDF-9 are most distinguishing. The mutant FecB of BMPR-IB has multiplicative effects on ovulation. GDF-9’s mutants FecGH , FecI, I H G B L R and BMP-15 ’s mutants FecX , FecX , FecX , FecX , FecX , and FecX increase ovulation rate in the heterozygote but re- sult in sterile phenotypes in the homozygote, while GDF-9’s mutant, FecGE , only increases ovulation rate in the homozy- gote. In addition, Woodlands and Lacaune are known as inheritable major genes. Woodlands gene is an X-linked maternally imprinted gene, and Lacaune is similar to FecB with a multiplicative effect on ovulation rate. The size of the effect of one copy of a mutation on ovulation rate ranges from an extra 0.4 ovulations for the woodlands mutation to