原子吸收光谱基础知识.ppt

* Shimadzu has been active in the development of analytical instruments for more than 120 years and offering Solutions for Science since 1875. The history in atomic absorption spectrophotometers reaches back to the 1960‘s, when the first commercial AAS has been developed, using flame atomization for determination of 3 elements simultaneously, the MAF. Now, after more than 30 years of experience in field of AAS we are ready to introduce another milestone in the history of suCessful instruments the new digitally controlled graphite furnace GFA-EX7 and the new middle class AA-6650 for flame and furnace operation. The keypoint of this suCess is not only the excellent hardware and software, but the close relationship and fruitful communication of AAS users all over the world, which allows us to implement all new ideas from the field to our instrument development and to release system configurations which really fit to your challenges in atomic absorption spectroscopy. We would like to put our emphasis not only on the performance of the product itself, but additionally on the software which has been designed to make life easy and last not least the Shimadzu quality system which is based on the ISO 9001 certification since years. * * These are the major components in a 分光光度计. The 功能s are basically the same no matter which region of the 光谱you work in. The main difference is the material used for the different activities. 5000mA*h * * 当光栅对某个波长的入射光形成的衍射光方向正好与该波长在工作面上的镜面反射方向吻合时, 此波长的出射光将比其他波长更明亮或更耀目。称此为闪耀。 * * * 当供试品溶液在原子吸收测试中存在基体干扰时，基体的干扰会引起吸光度偏高或者偏低，比如说供试品溶液中有有机溶剂就会造成吸光度增加，另外，供试品溶液粘滞性较高，因雾化率下降就会造成吸光度偏低，这类供试品溶液与标准水溶液配制的标准工作曲线去比较查找浓度，结果就会产生偏差。消除基体干扰的方法有很多，可根据产生的种类来选择，比如化学分离等等，不过这些方法都很复杂耗时长，甚至可能带来更多的污染，相对简单有效的方法就是标准加入法来消除基体干扰。此方法的优点是可降低由于组成不同引起的各种干扰的分析误差。因为，校准曲线的组成与样品非常接近，此方法的前提是校准曲线在低浓度时呈现良好的线性，并在无加入时通过原点，否则，将会导致误差。 cookbook 5.3 化学干扰及其校正方法方法 样品导入到火焰后，由于热的作用变成自由原子，但是部分会进一步电离。 因为原子吸收测定的是自由原子的数量，当电离发生(负干扰) 将引起吸收的降低。这称为电离干扰。电离的程度通常随火焰温度的增加而增加，电离的金属数也随着增加。Ca，Sr，Ba，R