英语的语法动词不定式.ppt

如果不定式（宾语）后面有宾语补足语， 则用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语（不定式）后置，放在宾语补足语后面， 例如： Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia. 能带形式宾语的动词还有 think,believe,feel,consider,make等。 在had better, had best, would rather, would rather…than, would sooner, cannot but, cannot help but等结构后直接跟动词原形或“not+动词原形”。 e.g.: You’d better listen to your teacher’s opinion. He cannot but move to another street. We cannot help but admire his courage. He always prefers to ride a bicycle rather than ride on a crowded bus. 动词不定式作宾补省略to 口诀 不定式省to十一个， 五“看”二“听”一“感觉”， 三个“使役”紧挨着， 如若主动变被动， 符号to千万别省略。 （5）作定语 动词不定式作定语，放在所修饰的名词 或代词后。 I have a meeting to attend. 注意：不定式为不及物动词时，所修饰的名词如果是地点、工具等，应有必要的介词，如： He found a good house to live in. The child has nothing to worry about. Do you have a pen to write with ? 13.The teacher asked us___so much noise. A.dont make B. not make C. not making D. not to make 结果状语：表示事先没有料到，放于句尾 What I have said to make you angry? She beat other players to take the first place in the badminton game. 原因状语 We were very excited to hear the news. ④作独立成分 插入语,用来说明说话人的态度,对整个句子进行解释. To tell you the truth, I dont like the way he talked. 动词不定式做状语应注意： 1.In order to和so as to…意义上没区别，但so as to…不能置于句首 2.adj/adv+enough（for sb） to… 3.too+adj/adv+to…有肯定与否定 注意： 1.如果在too 前有否定词，整个句子变为肯定意义：意味不太 It’s never too old to learn. 2.当too 前面有only, all, but意思为：非常 I am only too pleased to be able to help you. He was but too eager to get home. 不定式的省略 当不定式在某些词后充当成分时，常可省略动词原形，但要保留不定式的符号“to” （1） 形容词后不定式的省略，如：happy, glad, eager, anxious, ready… ---Would you mind looking after my cat? ---Not at all. I am happy to. （2） 动词后不定式的省略， 如： like, love, care, wish , hope, want, expect, prefer, mean, try, oblige, advise, persuade… ---Will you go to the cinema with us? ---Sorry, I don’t want to. （3） 宾语补足语中的省略， 如： ask, tell, order, persuade, advise, permit, allow… The boy wants to ride his bike in the street, but his mother tells him not to.