甲醇水溶液精馏塔装置的工艺设计.docVIP

学生毕业设计（论文） 题 目：甲醇水溶液精馏塔装置的工艺设计 摘 要 精馏是化工生产、石油化工、炼油生产过程中进行液体混合物分离的一个重要操作，在提高生产过程的经济效益和产品质量中起着举足轻重的作用。精馏的目的是将混合物中各组分分离出来，以达到所规定的纯度。精馏的基础是不同组分具有不同的挥发度，通过能量分离剂的引入使混合物多次部分汽化和部分冷凝，该过程就是迫使混合物的气、液两相在塔体中作逆向流动，利用混合液中各组分具有不同的挥发度，在气液两相相互接触的过程中，液相中的轻组分转向气相，而气相中的重组分则逐渐进入液相，从而实现液体混合物的分离。 本设计的任务是分离甲醇水溶液的混合物，提纯甲醇达到一定的纯度。采用的分离设备是筛板式精馏塔。设计根据给定任务书首先对精馏装置的流程、操作条件、主要设备选型进行论述，然后通过计算确定精馏塔的塔高为4.8米、塔径为1米，最后计算塔板主要的工艺尺寸，进行流体力学校核，看结果是否符合设计要求，绘制精馏装置工艺流程图等。 关键词：精馏塔,筛板式,甲醇 论文类型：工程设计 ABSTRACT Distillation is chemical industry, petrochemical, refining process to separate liquid mixtures. Distillation is an important action. In improving the economic efficiency of production processes and product quality plays an important role. Distillation’s goal is to keep the mixture of the separation of the various components, to achieve the required purity. Distillation is based on different components have different volatility, through the introduction of energy separation of multiple parts of the mixture and some condensation vaporization, The process of forcing the mixture of gas and liquid phases in the Tower, with a hybrid hydraulic components have different volatility, in gas-liquid contact in liquid gas light component steering, while gas restructuring the gradually into the liquid. Finally it can separate the liquid mixture. This design task is to separate a mixture of methanol in aqueous solution, purification of methanol up to a certain purity. Separation equipment is used sieve-type distillation column. Designed according to the given tasks are first on the process of distillation equipment, operating conditions, equipment selection for the main paper, and then determine the distillation tower by calculating the height of 4.8 meters, 1 meter diameter tower, the final calculation of the main tray Process size, check for fluid dynamics, to see whether the results meet the design requirements, process maps drawn distillation unit. Key words: Rectifying tower Lamina cribro