半潜液压调速课程设计.docVIP

摘 要 钻柱升沉补偿装置是海洋钻井的重要设备之一。海洋钻井所采用的钻井浮船和半潜式钻井平台在海浪的作用下将产生周期性的升沉运动，并使钻柱上下往复运动引起井底钻压的变化，甚至使钻头脱离井底影响钻井效率，降低钻头寿命，并且产生操作上的安全隐患。为此浮式钻井平台必须对钻柱的升沉运动采取适当的补偿措施。 文中对目前所使用的各种钻柱升沉补偿装置的结构及其补偿原理进行了简单的对比介绍，对被动式、主动式和半主动式补偿装置的补偿效果和能耗方面的不同特点进行比较分析。 在分析比较的基础上，提出了一种钻柱升沉补偿试验装置的方案，采用双伺服绞车的形式对钻柱的升沉运动进行补偿。对钻柱升沉补偿试验装置的整体结构进行设计以及对各个部件、零件的结构进行设计计算，并且对钻柱升沉补偿试验装置的PLC控制方式进行了初步的研究，介绍整个系统的工作原理及控制方式。 关键字：升沉补偿；能耗；双伺服绞车；PLC控制 Abstract Drill string heave compensation system is one of the vital device of offshore drilling operation．Used in drilling offshore drilling drill ships or semi-submersible floating drilling rigs under the action of the waves will generate periodic heave motion，and the reciprocating motion causes the change of lower the drill string downhole pressure，and even make the drill bit break away from the bottom of the bottom of the well and influence the drilling efficiency，reduce bit life，and generate operational security risks．So the floating drilling rigs must take appropriate compensatory measures to drill string heave movement． The text make a brief introduction of the currently used by various drill string heave compensation device structure and the principle of compensation．And compare the passive，active and semi-active compensation device performance and compensation effect and energy consumption of the three different way． Based on the previous analysis and comparison，we propose a new scheme heave compensation device，adopt the form of dual servo winch to make the drill string heave motion compensation．Make structure design calculations for the new drill string heave compensation overall structure and the various components of the system，and preliminary study the control method of this new heave compensation device，clear the whole system works principle． Key words:Heave Compensation；Energy consumption；dual servo winch；PLC control 目 录 第1章 概 述 1 1.1 课题研究的背景 1 1.2 增设钻柱升沉补偿装置的目的 3 1.3 我国升沉补偿装置的研究现状 3 第2章 钻柱升沉补偿装置方案设计 5 2.1 升沉补偿装置的分类 5 2.2 现有的钻柱升沉补偿装置 6 2.3 钻柱升沉补偿装置方案确定 9 2.4 钻柱升沉