美国工业和液压破裂法American industry and fracking.pptVIP

American industry and fracking 罗，刘，邵，成 小组成员： From sunset to new dawn Capitalists, not just greens, are now questioning how significant the benefits of shale gas and oil will be for America. The new sceptics are missing the big picture Fracking the midnight oil IN A new book, “The Frackers”, Gregory Zuckerman says of the late George Mitchell, a pioneer of the technique of hydraulic fracturing（水力压裂技术） to tap “unconventional” reserves of oil and gas, that “his impact eventually might even approach that of Henry Ford and Alexander Graham Bell.” Yet of late(近来的) doubters have been making themselves heard too. In October Peter Voser said that one of his biggest regrets as boss of Shell is the $24 billion his firm has invested in North America’s shale beds. This summer, the firm took a big writedown on this investment and slashed its production targets. 主语是什么？句子不通。 No one disputes that the new technology has transformed America’s prospects as a hydrocarbons （烃类）producer. Gas output has risen by one-third since its most recent trough in 2005, and oil production has risen by 30% since its recent low in 2008 (see chart). Some pessimists worry about the speed at which shale-bed wells run dry. And if gas prices remain at historic lows, it will remain unattractive to invest in wells that produce only gas—as opposed to ones that produce oil or a mix of gas and “natural-gas liquids” such as butane(丁烷 ) and propane(丙烷 ). However, gas exploration in America is increasingly being determined by the prices of oil and NGLs. If they are high enough, energy firms will drill for these, treating the gas as a by-product（副产品）. Roughly speaking, fracking for oil and NGLs is profitable when oil is trading on American exchanges at above $80 a barrel, as it has mostly done for the past four years. Generally speaking, fracking brings a new dawn to the benefits of shale gas and oil for America. Renaissance men(“文艺复兴者”) As for the effects of fracking on the broader A