电子束辐照对烟叶杀菌效果和感官质量影响.docVIP

电子束辐照对烟叶杀菌效果和感官质量影响 　　摘要：试验研究电子束辐照对烟叶霉菌和细菌的杀灭效应及其感官质量的影响。结果表明，1～5 kGy剂量的电子束辐照均能有效杀死烟叶中的霉菌和细菌，防止烟叶霉变。烟叶经1 kGy剂量辐照后，霉菌数由60 CFU/g下降到0 CFU/g；烟叶经3 kGy剂量辐照后，细菌总数由1 400 CFU/g下降到30 CFU/g。随着辐照剂量增加，烟叶吸食品质呈同步下降趋势，当辐照剂量为3 kGy及以下时，烟叶感官质量无显著变化，且醇化12个月后，其感官质量还是接近于没有辐照的对照。因此，采用电子束辐照技术进行烟叶杀菌防霉的方法是可行的，不会影响烟叶的自然醇化进程和感官质量。 关键词：电子束辐照；烟叶；杀菌；感官质量 中图分类号：S124+.1；TS41+4；TS47 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2013）12-2844-04 Effects of Electron Beam Irradiation on Bactericidal Efficacy and Sensory Quality of Tobacco Leaves WANG Juan-juan1，CHEN Yun-tang1，TIAN Zhan-jun2，SHANG Fei-fei1，CHENG Zhong-jie1 （1. Isotope Institute Co.， Ltd.， Henan Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agriculture of Henan Province， Zhengzhou 450015， China； 2. Tianchang International Tobacco Co.， Ltd.， Xuchang 461000， Henan， China） Abstract： Effects of different dose of electron beam irradiation on sterilization and sensory quality of tobacco leaves were investigated. The results showed that moulds and bacteria in tobacco leaves could be killed by electron beam irradiation at 1～5 kGy dose. After electron beam irradiation at 1 kGy， the moulds count decreased from 60 CFU/g to 0 CFU/g. After the electron beam irradiation at 3 kGy， the bacteria count decreased from 1 400 CFU/g to 30 CFU/g. The smoking quality of tobacco leaves decreased with the increase of irradiation dose. The sensory quality was not affected when the irradiation dose was below 3 kGy， and was similar with that of control after 12 months for aging. Therefore， it is feasible to use electron beam irradiation for sterilization and mould proof of tobacco leaves. The aging and sensory quality of tobacco leaves were not affected by electron beam irradiation. Key words： electron beam irradiation； tobacco leaves； bactericidal； sensory quality 烟叶用于卷烟生产之前需要经过一个较长的仓储过程，这一方面是为烟厂贮存足够的生产原料，另一方面是为了通过醇化来提高烟叶质量。烟叶自然醇化期一般需1～3年[1]，由于烟叶吸湿性强，且含有微生物生长所需要的各种营养物质，在醇化期或者是贮存期间极易滋生各种微生物[2，3]而使烟叶发霉变质，从而严重影响了烟叶的外观质量和感官品质，降低了烟叶的使用价值，给企业及国家造成了巨大损失，尤其是在湿度、温度高的夏季更是如此。