新 疆石河子“污水”灌溉在农业生产中的SWOT分析.pdfVIP

新疆石河子 “污水”灌溉在农业生产中的SWOT 分析 摘 要 污水灌溉指以经过处理并且达到灌溉水质标准要求的污水作为水源所进行的灌溉。 城市污水，不仅是郊区农田的重要水源，而且也是重要的肥源。污水中含有较多氮、磷、 钾等多种养分，有丰富的有机质悬浮物，所以污水灌溉的农田，节省肥料，降低成本， 土壤肥力也不断提高。污水的主要来源是生活污水和工业污水。生活污水的水质好、肥 分高，对农作物生长有利。但是工业污水中含有一些不利于农作物生长的重金属盐类， 如铅、汞、以及氯、硫、氰化物等有害成分。 污水灌溉对农业的发展具有促进的作用。首先，污水灌溉可以节省肥料。因为污水 中含有农作物生长需要的氮、磷、钾等营养成分,减少了肥料的施用量；其次，缓解了 水源短缺的矛盾，解决了当前农业用水水源不足的问题；再次，利用处理过的污水来灌 溉,避免了污水直接排放进河流、湖泊等给它们造成的污染；最后，解决了因为缺水而 造成的粮食减产问题，提高了粮食产量，并且也降低了污水处理的成本。 本文查阅了石河子污水灌溉区蘑菇湖水库的水质，对比污水灌溉区各团场总耕地面 积、棉花播种面积和棉花产量近几年的变化，分析污水灌溉对农业生产的影响，分析污 水灌溉在实际运用中存在的问题，完善污水灌溉的管理制度和农作物的耕种制度，充分 利用污水灌溉提高农作物的产量，努力做到污水灌溉的农产品不残留任何有毒物质，保 障人们的身体健康，促进农业发展。 关键词：石河子；污水灌溉；农业生产；SWOT 分析 I The SWOT Analysis of the Effect to “Sewage Irrigation ”on Agriculture Production in Xinjiang Shihezi Abstract Sewage irrigation may be defined as the application of sewage water to soil for the purpose of supplying the moisture essential for plant growth.Urban sewage, is not only a suburban farmland important source of water, but also an important source of manure. Sewage contains more nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients, especially rich in organic matter,which could suspend solids, irrigat farmland, save fertilizer, reduce costs, and result in the rising of soil fertility. The sewage water mainly comefrom domestic sewage and industrial wastewater and its high quality is favorable for crop growth. However, industrial wastewater contains much heavy metal salts that are not conducive to the growth of crops, such as lead, mercury, chlorine, sulfur, cyanide and other harmful ingredients. Sewage irrigation has promoted the development of agriculture. First, sewage irrigation can save fertilizer because it contains nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrien