丝绸之路 SILK ROAD 英语演讲.ppt

SILK ROAD Producer: GAOLC CONTENTS INTRODUCTION CLASSIC SILK ROAD HISTORY SIGNIFICANCE * INTRODUCTION The Silk Road, or Silk Route, is a series of trade and cultural transmission routes that were central to cultural interaction through regions of the Asian continent connecting West and East by linking traders, merchants, pilgrims, monks, soldiers, nomads and urban dwellers from China to the Mediterranean Sea during various periods of time. INTRODUCTION The Silk Road gets its name from the lucrative Chinese silk trade, a major reason for the connection of trade routes into an extensive transcontinental network. So, some scholars prefer the term Silk Routes because the road included an extensive network of routes. CLASSIC SILK ROAD CLASSIC SILK ROAD Northern Route South-west Route Overland routes Southern Route Changan/ Luoyang ↓ Gansu ↓ Merv (Turkmenistan) Ganges/Brahmaputra Delta ↓ Himalayas ↓ Tibet Karakoram ↓ Pakistan ↓ Afghanistan ↓ Levant →Anatolia /North Africa HISTORY Precursors Hellenistic era Opening of the Silk Road Roman Empire Medieval Mongol age Disintegration Re-establishment Modern day Chinese exploration of central Aisa Precursors The Tarim mummies, mummies of non-Mongoloid, apparently Caucasoid, individuals, have been found in the Tarim Basin, in the area of Loulan located along the Silk Road 200 kilometres (124 miles) east of Yingpan, dating to as early as 1600 BC and suggesting very ancient contacts between East and West. Hellenistic era Probable Greek soldier in the Sampul tapestry, woollen wall hanging, 3rd–2nd century BC. Coin depicting the Greco-Bactrian king Euthydemus (230–200 BC). Chinese exploration of Central Asia Woven silk textile from Tomb No. 1 at Mawangdui, Changsha, Hunan province, China, dated to the Western Han Era, 2nd century BC. A pottery horse head and neck (broken from the body) of the Late Han Dynasty (1st–2nd century AD). Roman Empire Medieval A Westerner on a camel, Northern Wei Dynasty (386–534). A sanca