第三讲：代词、情态动词.ppt

代词(pron.);英语中代词可以分为:1、人称代词2、物主代词3、反身代词4、指示代词5、疑问代词6、不定代词;;1.主格：在句子中作主语（动作发出者） 宾格：在句子中作宾语（动作承受者）或表语（系动词之后） eg， I miss you They all like him very much. She gave the books to you and me. Who’s knocking at the door? –It’s me. 人称代词在并列使用时的顺序为 ： 单数：（二、三、一） you, he and I 复数：（一，二，三）we, you and they You, she and I all enjoy the music. ;2，形容词性物主代词：具有形容词的的特征，在句中作定语，后面接名词。 Our school is not far from here. 名词性物主代词： 具有名词的特征，在句中可以作主语，表语或宾语。 This is not my pen. Mine is red. （主语） This book is his. (表语） My hair is longer than hers.(宾语） 友情提示: “of+名词性物主代词”属双重所有格的一种形式，=“of+名词所有格” a friend of mine a pen of hers;反身代词常见固定搭配 过得愉快 自学 请随便吃… 自言自语 独自 为自己 不要客气 陶醉／沉浸于 自己穿衣服 照顾自己;4.it 的特殊用法：;2. 是（某人）做某事的时候了 It’s time (for sb.) to do /for/that … It’s time to get up/for lunch/that we went home. 3. 据说… It’s said that … 4. 某人花费…做某事 It takes sb. some time to do sth. It takes me five hours to finish my homework. ;指示代词;(1)this(these)，是指时间或空间上离说话人较近的人或物。 that(those)，是指时间或空间上离说话人较远的人或物。 This is Mr Smith and that is Mr Black. These are jeeps. Those are trucks. ;(2) that/those常指前面（上文）提过的东西,以免重复。 that—指代单数或不可数名词， those—指代可数名词复数。 The weather in Shanghai is not so cold as that (= the weather) in Beijing. These boxes are heavier than those on the desk. ;（3）this 和these则是指下面将要讲到的事物。 What I want to say is this ; pronunciation is very important in learning English． ;友情提示： (1)在电话语中，that相当于“你”，用于询问对方的身份; this相当于“我”，常用于自我介绍。 Is that Mary speaking? Yes. Whos that? This is Ann. (2)在疑问句中，如果句子的主语是this，that， these 或those 时，回答时用It代替this， that；用 they代替 these， those。 Is that your chair?-Yes，it is. ;不定代词; either,neither;both,all;none;① Either Tom or the twins __ the way to the shop. A. know B. knows C. finds ② Neither you nor I ___ a scientist. A. is B. are C. am ③ Both Tom and Mary ___ hard. A.