浅谈山西榆次后沟古村的空间设计.doc

中文摘要 山西古建筑遗存十分丰富，保留着大量的庙宇、古城、商贾豪宅大院和古老的村落。山西榆次后沟村是一个有着千百年历史的古村落，基本上保留了古村落的完整性，村落空间内涵丰富，是中国民间古村落的典范。本文以山西榆次后沟古村为调查对象，运用实地调研的方法来揭示它们的空间构成，以后沟古村的村落空间为研究主题，探究后沟古村独特的空间设计以及特有的文化内涵，以期对同类村落的研究提供参考和借鉴。 后沟古村是人们在生态环境的制约下取利避害，巧妙运用生态规律，因地制宜地构筑的居所，是应对恶劣自然环境持续生存的成功载体，是地区人居环境与自然和谐共生的集中体现。后沟村村落的选址遵循了“负阴抱阳，背山面水”的原则，体现了典型的人居文化学特点，暗含太极八卦之意，在适应地貌的同时，寻求蕴藏生气的地方，使居住在此的人们的物质生活和精神需求都得到满足；聚落属于向心结构，它的建筑布局严谨，与山势契合，相得映彰；院落绝大多数是四合院，标准规范、实用美观且内涵丰富。此外，后沟古村设有各种神庙，庙宇保存相对完整，并且自称体系，使村落的古村意蕴浓厚，思想信仰悠长；有独特的排水系统，既实用又美观。总之，后沟村是一个可持续发展的空间系统，此空间系统结构完善、形态多样，凝聚了深厚的民俗文化内涵和人与自然和谐共生的思想理念。 关键词：山西榆次 后沟古村 聚落 空间 Abstract Shanxi is rich in remains of ancient buildings, retaining a large number of temples, ancient, ancient merchants mansion compound and villages. Yuci the village is a country with thousands of years of history of ancient villages, which preserves the integrity of the ancient village, the village space rich connotation, is a model of Chinese ancient village folk. In this paper, Yuci Hougou village for the survey, the use of field research methods to reveal their spatial structure, village after village ditch space for research topics, ditch after village unique space designed to explore and unique cultural connotation in order to Studies of similar villages provide reference. After the ditch in the village is that people take advantage of the ecological environment constraints Nourishing, clever use of ecological laws, local conditions to build a home, is to deal with the harsh natural environment of continued survival success carrier, is the region who embodies the living environment in harmony with natures . Village after village location followed the negative yin yang, Beishanmianshui principle, reflecting the typical characteristics of UN cultural studies, the implied meaning of Taiji Bagua, in adapting to the landscape while seeking hidden angry place, make living in this material life and spiritual needs of people are met; settlements belong to the heart of the structure, its architectural