课程设计机器视觉报告.docxVIP

摘要机器视觉系统就是利用机器代替人眼来作各种测量和判断。它是计算机学科的一个重要分支，它综合了光学、机械、电子、计算机软硬件等方面的技术，涉及到计算机、图像处理、模式识别、人工智能、信号处理、光机电一体化等多个领域。图像处理和模式识别等技术的快速发展，也大大地推动了机器视觉的发展。边缘检测是图像处理和计算机视觉中的基本问题，边缘检测的目的是标识数字图像中亮度变化明显的点。图像属性中的显著变化通常反映了属性的重要事件和变化。 这些包括深度上的不连续、表面方向不连续、物质属性变化和场景照明变化。 边缘检测是图像处理和计算机视觉中，尤其是特征提取中的一个研究领域。图像边缘是图像最基本的特征之一，往往携带着一幅图像的大部分信息。而边缘存在于图像的不规则结构和不平稳现象中，也即存在于信号的突变点处，这些点给出了图像轮廓的位置，这些轮廓常常是我们在图像边缘检测时所需要的非常重要的一些特征条件，这就需要我们对一幅图像检测并提取出它的边缘。本实验对机器视觉系统中的底层技术——边缘检测和轮廓提取算法进行设计和实验。针对一幅图像，利用边缘检测算子（如Robert算子、Sobel算子、Prewitt算子、Laplace算子、Kirsch算子和Marr算子）检测出图像的边缘，然后采取轮廓提取算法得到封闭的二值图像轮廓。关键词：机器视觉、数字图像处理、边缘检测、轮廓提取AbstractMachine vision system is to use machines instead of human eyes to make all kinds of measurement and judgment. It is an important branch of computer science, which combines optical, mechanical, electronic, computer software and hardware technology, involves the computer, image processing, pattern recognition, artificial intelligence, signal processing, optic-mechanical integration, and other fields. The rapid development of image processing and pattern recognition techniques such as, also greatly promote the development of machine vision.Edge detection is the basic problem in image processing and computer vision, edge detection is to identify the purpose of the digital image brightness changes in the obvious points. Significant changes in image attributes usually reflect the properties of the important events and changes. These include the depth direction of the discontinuous, surface discontinuity, material properties and scene illumination changes. Edge detection is image processing and computer vision, especially a research field in feature extraction.Image edge is one of the most basic characteristics of the image, often carrying an image most of the information. The image edge in irregular structure and the not smooth phenomenon, which exists in the abrupt change point of the signal, these points are given the location of the image contour, the contour is often what we need in image e