A水准物理专业术语(Glossary of terms used in A-Level Physics)).doc

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A水准物理专业术语(Glossary of terms used in A-Level Physics)).doc

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A水准物理专业术语(Glossary of terms used in A-Level Physics))

Glossary of terms used in A-LevelPhysics Absolute zero of temperature：the lower fixed point on the thermodynamic scale of temperature; it is considered to be the lowest possible temperatme in the universe. Absolute scale of temperature：a theoretical temperature scale that does not depend on the thermometric property of a material. Acceleration： the rate of change of velocity with respect to time. It has the SI units of ms, Acceleration of free fall：the rate of change of velocity of an object when it falls freely towards the Earths surface under the sole influence of me gravitational pull of me Earth. It is denoted by the symbol g and has a numerical value of 9.81 ms. Accuracy：the proximity of the observed reading on an instrument to the true or actual value of the physical quantity being measured. Ammeter：an electrical instrument that measures the electric current in a circuit. Amount of substance： the number of moles of a substance (see moles). Ampere： the constant current that exerts a force of 2N per metre length on two straight, parallel and infinitely long wire of negligible cross-sectional area when that current flows through the two wires. It is the SI unit of an electric current and is represented by the symbol A. Amplitude： the maximum displacement from the equilibrium position to the crest or trough of a sinusoidal wave. Angular displacement： the angle through which a rotating axis turns. It is usually measured in radians. Angular velocity： the rate of change of angular displacement with respect to time, It is measured in rad s. Anode：positive electrode. Antinodes：points of maximum displacement in a stationary wave. Atmosphere： a unit of pressure equal to 1.01 Pa or 760mmHg. Atmospheric pressure： the pressure at a point due to the weight of the air column above it. Atom： the smallest part of an element that can exist naturally. Atto： a prefix used in the metric system of units to denote a sub-multiple of . Avogadro constant: the number of atoms in exactly