高考英语 Unit4单元单词短语句型知识梳理 大纲人教版第二册.docVIP

Unit 4理解:要点诠释单词 1.absence 讲： n.缺席；不在；缺乏 例：Behave yourself during my absence. 我不在时你要规矩点。 Absence of rain caused the plants to die. 因缺水导致植物枯死。 链接·拓展 absence of mind心不在焉， absent adj. be absent from缺席 He was absent from school yesterday. 他昨天旷课了。 反义词present adj. be present at出席；到场 练：The presence of social support helps people fend off（避开）illness,and the _______of such support makes poor health more likely. A.absence B.absent C.appearance D.help 提示:注意此处为对比结构，所以此空中的用词应该和presence相对应。 答案:A 2.apart 讲：adv.远离地；隔开地；向一边；在一边 短语:take...apart把……拆开 apart from prep. 除外 例：The two houses are 500 metres apart. 这两所房子相距500米。 She lives apart from her parents. 她和父母分开住。 They planted the trees three metres apart. 他们每隔三米种一棵树。 He took me apart in order to speak to me alone. 他把我领到一边，以便单独跟我说话。 He took the engine apart in order to find where there was wrong. 他把引擎拆开查找问题所在。 练：_______ the cost,the dress doesn’t suit me. A.Except B.Expect C.Apart from D.Beside 提示:apart from具有多重意义：既可表示besides,也可以表示except或except for,还可以表示without的意思。 答案:C 3.contribute 讲：vt. vi.贡献；捐献；投稿 短语:contribute...to...把……贡献给；把……投给…… contribute to 为……作贡献；有助于……；向……投稿 例：He contributed a lot of money to the charity. 他捐很多钱给慈善机构。 She contributed a lot of good ideas to the discussion. 她在这次讨论中提出很多好的意见。 He didn’t contribute anything to world peace. 他对世界和平毫无贡献。 I contributed several poems to a literary magazine. 我投了几首诗给一本文学杂志。 The fair weather contributed to the success of the voyage. 良好的天气助成了那次航行。 A proper amount of exercise contributes to good health. 适度的运动有益健康。 The construction of a highway will contribute to the growth of the suburbs. 建造高速公路将有助于郊区的发展。 链接·提示 n. contribution 贡献 make contributions to作出贡献 练：Eating too much fat can ______ heart disease and cause high blood pressure. A.result from B.contribute to C.attend to D.devote to 提示:本题考查短语动词的用法。根据句子的意思分析，此处应使用能表示“导致”的短语。短语动词contribute to的意思是“有助于；促成”，相当于