2010级爱恩学院网络管理名词解释和简答部分by_Gerry.docVIP

Explain the following terms Unicode - The coding system that has enough bit combinations to encode all of the characters in all of the worlds languages Bandwidth -- The difference between the upper and lower frequency is called the bandwidth 6. flow control: Techniques to ensure that a fast transmitting node does not send data faster than the receiving node can receive and process it are called flow control 7. Contention When any station that has traffic looks to see if the circuit is free, and if it is, begins sending its traffic the line control technique is called contention 8. Switch link-layer device: smarter than hubs, take active role store, forward Ethernet frames examine incoming frame’s MAC address, selectively forward frame to one-or-more outgoing links when frame is to be forwarded on segment, uses CSMA/CD to access segment 9. Protocol a set of rules that define the exact format of messages exchanged between computers or between computers and people 10 Node A node on a network is a point of connection into a network, or a point at which one or more transmission lines (circuits) interconnect, such as where a router or a switch connects into the network. 11 Topology refers to the physical layout of its computers, cables, and other resources, and also to how those components communicate with each other 12. Network architecture is a set of principles used as the basic for the design and implementation of a communications network 13 Subnet mask determines which part of address denotes network portion and which denotes host 14 Summary of Layer Functions 15 Design Guidelines of internet The four initial requirements confronting the Internet’s architects were : Multiplexing, note can share medium Survivability, get through network, no matter what happened service generality Highest possible speed, while others require the highest possible reliability supporting diverse network technologies 16 PROTOCOL FUNCTIONS Encapsulation Fragmentation and rea