英语专业毕业论文写作指导复习资料.ppt

毕业论文撰写 论文写作题型 攻坚型 争辩型 推展型 阐释型 综合型 论文写作题型 攻坚型 攻坚型就是前人还没有论述过的问题，论者是第一次论述，所以论述起来有一定的难度，我们称之为“攻坚型”。 论文写作题型 争辩型 所谓争辩型就是对有争议的问题发表自己的看法，或者对别人的观点进行反驳和商榷。如《哈姆雷特是一个人文主义者吗——与杨周翰同志商榷》 论文写作题型 推展型 推展型是指在别人研究的基础上，对某个问题再深入研究。属此类。如许多论者写作《安娜?卡列尼娜的悲剧》的论文，就先针对安娜悲剧的几种观点展开说明，然后提出自己的观点并论述。这也同样属于推展型的论文。 论文写作题型 阐释型 阐释型就是指把前人对某问题的研究成果加以整理，消化，提出有代表性的观点并写成有说服力的论文。如《项链》主题三题，总结了文学评论家对《项链》思想意义的三种不同观点，论者加以比较，然后肯定、赞成其中最为准确的一种，在扩展、肯定时说出自己的理由，找出有说服力的新论据。 论文写作题型 综合型 综合型不要求提出自己独到的看法，只要求准确、精当地综述前人或同时代人对某一问题的研究结论。 Abstract Writing Abstract Writing Questions about abstract: What is an abstract? Why should a thesis have an abstract? 3. How many parts should an abstract have? Abstract Writing Definition： Abstracts, like all summaries, cover the main points of a piece of writing. Abstract Writing Condensing Information for Research Papers In addition to stating the main point of the paper, research-based papers often need to set up the context and scope of the research as well. Setting the context includes stating the subject of your work as well as the problem that prompted/ caused your research. You might also refer to major researchers who have already done work on your topic as a way of setting the context. Remember, too, that your abstract must always include the main point of your paper, so dont neglect that focus as you work on stating the problem and context. Abstract Writing English Abstracts: Condensing Information for Research Papers The Key Concepts in an Abstract Context / scope (mentioning major researchers who have already done work on your topic) Problem 3. Main point of the paper Abstract Writing “The Craft of Research” (研究是一门艺术) (1995) by C. Booth , a retired professor of Chicago University: p208-209 摘要 （abstracts) “在某些领域里，特别是自然科学和社会科学，文章常以摘要作为开头。摘要是告诉读者期待接下来会是什么的简短总结。” Abstract Writing 语境(context) + 难题(problem) + 主要论点 这种摘要是个简略的导言，一一两个句子起头来建立先前研究的