英语修辞手法Using Figures of Speech.doc

Using Figures of Speech (修辞） Figures of speech, also rhetoric, figurative speech, language –speech, literal speech Purposes : Make the idea clearer or more forcible/ emphatic. Make the idea more agreeable or attractive to the reader. Tend to be connotative, suggestive and colorful, thus more vivid and effective. 1. Simile 明喻 A is like B (1) “as…as…” , “like” She is as fit as a fiddle. The man’s action is quick like lightening (2)n.+ish womanish manish childish (3)as if, as though, than, and He speaks as if there were a frog in the throat. (=hoarse) I wandered lonely as a cloud. (=and aimlessly, blindly) He sleeps like a log and works like a horse. (soundly, diligently) Fish and visitors stink in three days. (4)compare A with B; compare A to B Shall I compare thou to a summer’s day, …. (5) resemble, seem, be likened to, be similar to, take after Bush Jr. resembles his father. (6) the way… I don’t like the way you talk about somebody in public. (7) A is to B what X is to Y. Regulation is to a school what the law is to a nation. 2. Metaphor-隐喻a way of describing sth by comparing it to sth else that has similar qualities, without using the words “like, as” (1) Noun àA is B (Shakespeare applied this most.) His poetry is brought alive; the sunshine of her smile; a glaring耀眼的mistake The sun is a red wafer in the sky. =metaphor His friend is a thorn in his flesh. His friend has become a thorn in his side. All your fingers are thumbs. (2) Verb We don’t need to spoonfeed the students. (3) Adjective Her clothes are loud. He gave her a dirty look and spoke in bitter irony. (4) Adverbial Blood was flowing copiously from the wound. She sang sweetly. (5) Phrases bed of roses 安逸的生活 tear crocodile tears 掉鳄鱼眼泪 banana oil 花言巧语 small potatoes 微不足道的人 (6)Saying People in glass houses should not throw stones. A rolling stone gathers no moss. 3. Personification 拟人 (1) non-human beings are described as human beings àpersonification He is a wolf in sheeps clothing. àa hidden enemy.