空间离散指标-NationalTaiwanUniversity.PDFVIP

台灣地理資訊學刊 第四期： 1-12 (2006) 1 JOURNAL OF TAIWAN GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SCIENCE (4) : 1-12 (2006) 空間離散指標： 舊觀念、新公式 Spatial Dispersion Index: Old Conception, New Formula * ** 翁培文 蔡博文 Pei-Wen Weng Bor-Wen Tsai 摘 要 地物分布的集散情形是空間現象重要的研究議題，部份度量集散的指標是以空間自相關為基 礎，如 Moran’s I 和 Getis’s G ，部份指標則以其它方式加以權衡，如最近鄰法以最近鄰距離為主要 依據，但這些指標都有一些侷限，因此，本研究嘗試建立一個新的指標：空間離散指標 (Spatial Dispersion Index ，SDI) ，該指標承襲統計學的離散觀念與公式，以統計單元大小、地物相對大小、 鄰近程度高低為判定離散程度的三個原則，並以此來推導 SDI 的公式，該指標能應用在點資料與 面資料的計算，但其最大值和數值分佈常因例而異，在判定 SDI 的集散意義時，部份方式計算較 為複雜。 關鍵字：空間離散指標、地理統計、集中、分散 Abstract One of the controversial issues in studying a spatial phenomenon is whether its distribution pattern is aggregated or dispersed. Some of the indexes are based on spatial autocorrelation, such as Moran’s I and Getis’s G. Some are not, such as Nearest Neighbor Index is calculated with nearest neighbor distance. However, all of them have some limitations. The present research tries to develop a new index: * 國立臺灣大學地理環境資源學系碩士 Master, Department of Geography, National Taiwan University. ** 國立臺灣大學地理環境資源學系助理教授 Assistant Professor, Department of Geography, National Taiwan University. 2 Spatial Dispersion Index (SDI), following the concept and formula of dispersion from statistics. Three principles of SDI are adhered to: the area of statistical unit, comparative area of surface features and dist