海上搜救论文：海上搜救服务系统有效性评价.docVIP

海上搜救论文：海上搜救服务系统有效性评价 【中文摘要】随着我国社会经济的快速发展,特别是我国对外贸易和航运业的发展,我国开始认识到海上人命救助的极大重要性和国家直接参与为海上遇险人员提供海上搜寻救助服务的必要性。国家开展搜救工作除了减少人员伤亡和痛苦外,还可以带来其他许多方面的诸多益处,反之则会造成不良影响。目前,每个沿岸国家都基本建立了搜救服务组织、特别是在GMDSS实施后,搜救服务系统结构大体相同,但服务质量却存在较大差异。要提高搜救服务质量,首要任务是要改善搜救服务系统,而对海上搜救服务系统进行分析和评价是这一切工作的核心。因此,非常有必要对海上搜救服务系统的有效性进行评价以使海上搜救服务系统有效性达到最大化。本文研究的海上搜救服务系统有效性是指将搜救行动要求和对国家承诺转化为提供搜寻救助服务的过程,也即参与搜救行动的各方必须保证利用现有搜救资源和条件提供服务的大小。本文首先介绍了海上搜救服务系统各个阶段,在分析了海上搜救服务系统的有效性的影响因素和参照专家学者对影响海上搜救服务系统有效性所持观点基础上,从发现阶段、初始行动阶段、制定计划阶段、行动阶段和结束阶段五大方面建立了海上搜救服务系统有效性的评价指标体系,确立了各指标的隶属函数；采用了模糊综合评价的数学方法,建立了海上搜救服务系统有效性的评价模型,实现定量的评估。对海上搜救服务系统有效性评价,可以促进海上搜救服务系统制度的完善和救助实践理论化,还可以增进搜救机构间的相互了解和加强协作。最后本文将海上搜救服务系统有效性模糊综合评价方法应用于一次海上搜救服务的评价以验证该模型的可行性,并对评价结果进行分析。 【英文摘要】With the great development and advancement of China economy and society, especially of the international trade and shipping industry, China recognizes the great importance of saving lives and the need to be directly involved in rendering maritime search and rescue (SAR) services to persons in distress. Beside reduction of loss of life and suffering by providing rescue services, a State抯 concern and involvement with SAR may offer other advantages. Well performed SAR operations can provide positive publicity about situations which may otherwise be viewed negatively. At present, each coastal state has established a basic search and rescue service organizations, especially after the implementation of GMDSS, search and rescue service system structure is largely the same, but there is a big difference in service quality. In order to improve the SAR service quality, the first and foremost task is to improve the SAR service system, and the maritime SAR service system for analysis and evaluation is the core of all the work. Therefore, it is very necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of the maritime search and rescue service system to realize maximum effectiveness of the SAR system.The SAR service validity which this paper studies is a process to transform operational requirements and