[医疗保健]支原体(mycoplasma).pptVIP

Mycoplasma支原体 Defination Discovery Classification Morphology Structure Cultural character Compassion with L-formed Bacterium Mycoplasma No cell wall Prokaryotic microbe free-living in nature Can live in the non-living medium Bacteria-filtration device Have filament with branches Model Discovery In 1898, Nocard found Mycoplasma from the cattle that had pleuropneumonia . In 1937, Dienes isolated Mycoplasma from the pus of patients. Once they were named pleuropneumonia-like organism (类胸膜肺炎微生物） In 1962, Chanock succeeded in cultivating Mycoplasma aitificially. Classification Mycoplasma belongs to mollicute(柔膜体纲）Mycoplasmatales（支原体目）. Mycoplasmataceae(支原体科） Ancholeplasmataceae（无胆淄原体科） Spiroplasmataceae(螺原体科) Mycoplasmataceae(支原体科) Mycoplasma(支原体属) * M.pneumoniae(肺炎支原体) * M.hominis(人型支原体) * M.genitalium(生殖器支原体) Ureaplasma(脲原体属) * U.urealyticum(溶脲脲原体) 人类主要支原体生物学性状 Shape of mycoplasma Size: The smallest, 0.2 ~ 0.3 μ m, under pressure it can pass though Bacteria-filtration device. Usually spherical, double spherical, filamentous Vegetative mode: binary fission Stain: hard to be stained in Gram. Giemsa, blue Structure (Under electron microscope ) Three layers: outer and inner layers contain protein and glycogen, meddle layer is composed of lipid (cholesterol takes up 36%) The only cellular organ –ribosome. DNA and RNA, gene is dsDNA. Special structures: Some contain terminal structure(顶端结构), related to the adhesion. Capsule, has something to do with virulence. Microfilament Cultivation high Nutritional requirements : cardin (牛心浸液),serum, yeast steep(酵母浸液） In pH7.8 ~ 8.0 growth below 7.0 deaths (Ureaplasma urealyticum pH6.0 ~ 6.5) Need 5%~10%CO2 Slow Growth，life cycle: 1~3h liquid medium: Difficult to see the turbid Solid medium: A typical colony was fried egg shape. U.urealyticum:10~40 μ m, like T line Antigen structure Antigen structure: membrane protein ( use ELISA to detect) and glycolipids. Glycolipids have strong antig