项目管理基础过程稿.pptVIP

? 2008 Prentice Hall Introduction to Project ManagementChapter 10Managing Project Procurement Two Perspectives Choices for information systems development Procurement process Systems Development History First wave In-house (组织内部) information systems development More art than science Limited talent pool Most systems were custom-designed (用户定制设计) in-house Slow and costly Second wave Art became a science through better defined processes (系统开发过程及创建解释文档) Technology assisted in development effort (CASE计算机辅助软件工程) Off-the-shelf (现成的) software becomes an option Third wave Need for faster development Move to agile methodologies Software development acquired outside the organization Sources of Application Software Five External Sources for Software Development Information Technology Services Firms Lack of internal expertise Package software (套装软件) solution not feasible Service firm may also host hardware IBM/HP/Computer Sciences Corp. Five External Sources for Software Development (cont.) Packaged Software Producers Focus on business functions Hardware platform varies Office 2007/MS-Project/Quickbooks/Turnkey Microsoft/Oracle/SAP Five External Sources for Software Development (cont.) Enterprise Solutions Software or Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Integrated modules Business process focus Single data repository Expensive and complex solution Sometimes required organization to change their business processes SAP/Oracle Five External Sources for Software Development (cont.) On-Demand Computing Providers Rent or license software “Pay as you go” Could be the future trend IBM/HP Five External Sources for Software Development (cont.) Open Source Software Software for free Maintained by independent members of the computing community Linux/mySQL/Firefox How to make profit? Outsourcing Outside organization develops or runs a computer application for another company Off or on-site Rationale Economies of scale Access to larger talent base Enables company to better f