大曲中两株产色素微生物的代谢及生态条件研究.docxVIP

DOI：10.13746/j.njkj.2014.0126大曲中两株产色素微生物的代谢及生态条件研究魏丕伟 1，2，王凌云 1，罗惠波 1，2，饶家权 3，曹振华 1，徐道春 1（1.四川理工学院生物工程学院，四川 自贡 643000； 2.酿酒生物技术及应用四川省重点实验室， 四川 自贡 643000；3.四川省丰谷酒业有限责任公司， 四川 绵阳 621000）摘 要： 采用纯培养法从大曲中分离得到了 2 株产色素微生物。产红色素菌株 A 是一个与玫瑰红微球菌亲缘关 系较近的革兰氏阳性球菌。有所不同的是，产红色素菌株 A 的耐热性更好，既能产淀粉酶又能产蛋白酶，还可以产 生吲哚。在以葡萄糖作为碳源的查氏培养基上，32 ℃培养 3～5 d，可产生大量的红色素。分子鉴定显示，菌株 A 与地 衣芽孢杆菌的 16S rRNA 序列相似性超过了 99 %，而与微球菌的 16S rRNA 序列却有较大的差异。综合形态、生理 和 DNA 特征，可以将菌株 A 鉴定为芽孢八叠球菌。产黄色素菌株 B 属于黄曲霉，具有较强的淀粉水解能力和较好 的耐乙醇和耐酸性能力，在 pH 值为 7.5 的马铃薯液体培养基中摇床培养，可产生曲香。色素微生物对认识大曲颜色 成因和改进制曲工艺具有重要意义。关键词： 微生物； 大曲； 色素； 芽孢八叠球菌； 生态条件中图分类号：Q93-3；TQ925；TS262.3；TS261.4 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1001－9286（2014）08－0012－04Study on The Metabolism and Ecological Conditions of Two Pigment-producing Strains from DaquWEI Piwei1,2, WANG Lingyun1, LUO Huibo1,2, RAO Jiaquan3, CAO Zhenhua1 and XU Daochun1(1. College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science Engineering, Zigong, Sichuan 643000; 2. Sichuan Key Lab of Liquor-making Biotech Application, Zigong, Sichuan 643000; 3. Sichuan Fenggu Distillery Co. Ltd., Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, China)Abstract: In this study, two pigment-producing strains were isolated from Daqu by pure cultivation. Red pigment-producing Strain A is a kind of gram-positive cocci similar to Micrococcus roseus, but it shows greater heat resistance than Micrococcus roseus, and it can produce amylase, pro- tease and indole. Cultured in Czapek medium for 3～5 days at 32 ℃, Strain A can produce large amounts of red pigment. Molecular identification showed that the similarity between the 16S rRNA sequence of Strain A and that of Bacillus licheniformis was more than 99 %, while there were large differences between the 16S rRNA sequence of Strain A and that of Micrococcus roseus. Comprehensively considering the morphological, physiological and DNA characteristics, Strain A was identified as Bacillus sarcina. Yellow pigment-producing Strain B is a type of Aspergillus flavus, which has high starch hydrolysis ability and go