家禽传染性支气管炎的防治.pptVIP

欧洲将取消4/91 结论 中国大陆流行的部分血清型传染性支气管炎病毒不同于其他洲、国家或地区 部分其他外来血清型的传染性支气管炎病毒不断传入我国，使得我国该病毒血清型众多，难于防治 中国大陆鸡群同时有不同型和变异的禽传染性支气管炎病毒共同存在和流行(cocirculating) 我国多种致病型的传染性支气管炎病毒同时存在和流行，主要以“肾型”病毒为主 4、疫苗及相关：疫病防控中永远的痛 疫苗的使用是双刃剑 疫苗远远不是疫病防控的唯一 疫苗是双刃剑 Air sac lesions from birds infected with two strains of IBV and control birds. (A) and (B) Air sacs from control birds 12 and 24 hpi, respectively. Cilia are prominent on the columnar epithelium. There are very few leucocytes in the lamina propria. (C) and (D) Air sacs from birds 24 and 48 hpi, respectively, with vaccine strain of the virus. Note the loss of ciliated cells at 24 h and influx of macrophages and lymphocytes in the lamina propria. The epithelium is denuded by 48 h. (E) and (F) Air sacs of birds infected with the field strain of IBV at 9 and 24 hpi. There is flattening of the columnar epithelium and loss of cilia by 9 hpi and extensive ulceration and inflammatory infiltration by 24 hpi. HE. Bar, 20 mm. IBV疫苗免疫肉鸡后气管病毒检出率的2种模式 Jackwood et al., 2009, Avian Diseases One pattern was a parabolic-shaped curve, where initially a low percentage of birds were positive for IBV vaccine in the trachea followed by a peak at approximately 14 days postvaccination with between 90% and 100% of the birds positive; then a decrease in the number of positive birds was observed but the vaccines did not completely clear from the flock. Another sinusoidal-type wave that started with a high number of birds positive for IBV vaccine in the trachea, and cycled from peak to peak on approximately a 2-wk interval. Again, the vaccines did not clear from the flock prior to the birds going to processing. The patterns did not correlate with the method of vaccination or the type of vaccine given. IBV的免疫原性较差，病毒在鸡胚中的滴度较低，因此灭活疫苗只适合作为加强免疫，不能单独用于IB的免疫防控。可用弱毒活疫苗与灭活疫苗联合用于IB的防控 IB免疫失败的部分原因分析 疫苗株与流行株血清型不同 鸡场A 日龄 1 3 7 10 12 15 20 25 27 31 阳性率 20/20 20/20 20/20 20/20 20/20 20/20 18/20 16/20 12/20 0/20 日龄 1 3 7 10 12 15 20 25 27 31 34 38 42 阳性率 20/20 20/20 20/20 20/20