热交换基础.pptVIP

热交换基础 范围 什么是能量 能量是怎样传递的 什么是热交换 影响热交换的参数 换热系数 单相热交换 顺流/逆流 换热量 什么是能量 ? 能量是能转移的! 显热和潜热 热交换定律 热力学定律 传热方法 什么是热交换? 能量在两种流体之间的传递 不用混合两种流体 快速 没有热损失 效率高 (小容器,小温差,小压降) 换热平衡 单相热交换 单相 顺流和逆流 对数平均温差 对数平均温差 换热系数 (k) 流动和k值 K值vs 压力降 传热方程 流体热交换 设计热交换器 设计换热器 练习基本热交换 THERMAL LENGTH = Q = NTU THERMAL LENGTH 两相热交换 两相热交换 单相 vs 两相 Show difference in counter and co current flow for one phase. Temperature differance is bigger initially for co-current but what gives the best average temperature difference? Lines show that the cold side does not reach up to the outlet temp of the counter current case. Finish line is to explain that the average temp differance is expressed as LMTD Energy transferred by heat exchanger is decided by this equation. This is how we can design a CBE from a known energy flux. Q is the actual trasferred heat through the CBE and is determined by three parameters; k, A and dT (LMTD). Area is the actual CBE. What cost money to produce. LMTD is the driving force of the heat exchange. To utilise the temperature difference and maximise LMTD is important. k is the Heat transfer cooefficient and is the parameter that SWEP are trying to influence. Depends on what heat exchange technology used (ST,CBE etc), plate pattern of CBE, velocity of fluid, viscosity of fluid- Turbulence!!! For a given Heat transfer surface the k-value decides how large temperature difference that will be needed. A high k-value gives a low temperature approach while a low k value requires larger temperature differance. Qfluid is energy rejected or absorbed by the fluid. Massflow influences pressure drop and temperature profile Cp is fluid property. High value means large possibility to absorb energy dT is temperature difference between inlet flow and outlet flow. To make the heat transfer equation equal with the fluid transfer equation, what parameters could be changed (Interactive question-students answer). Discussion about parameters, anyone forgotten? Hea transfer coefficient is the ”re