董仲舒的道家思想因素研讨.pdfVIP

摘 要 I 董仲舒的道家思想因素研究 II 摘 要 摘 要 董仲舒是汉代的儒学大师，其思想体系中含有大量的黄老道家思想。他借鉴 道家宇宙生成观，提出“一”和“元”的概念。董仲舒的“一”和“元”都是万 物的本原，同时他又提出“天生万物”的观点。董仲舒的“天生万物”思想源于 道家的“道生万物”。在董仲舒的天道观中“元”和“天”均为万物的本原，他 在前人天道观的基础上融入阴阳、五行等思想。阴阳、五行是天道的组成要素， 它们具有自然物质性，有其自身的运动规律。由阴阳、五行构建的天道系统，其 运行也有其自身的规律，因此天道运行是自然而然的，这种自然而然亦即道家的 顺应自然、无为而治。 与天道无为相应，董仲舒提出君道无为，同时又认为臣道有为。无为而治政 治实即是贤人政治。在养生方面，董仲舒一方面吸收道家形神兼养的养生观，认 为形体是生命存在的基础，精神寓于形体中，因此养生要形神兼养；另一方面， 他又吸收道家的以气养生说，认为养生要爱气，通过虚静无为和贵精来守气、爱 气达到养生的目的。 关键词：董仲舒 道家 道 无为 养生 I 董仲舒的道家思想因素研究 Abstract Dong Zhongshu is Han Dynastys Confucianism master, in its ideology includes massive Huang Lao the Taoism thought. He profits from the Taoism universe production view, proposes “one” and “the Yuan” concept. Dong Zhongshu “one” and “the Yuan” is the myriad things source, simultaneously he also proposes “the inborn myriad things” viewpoint. Dong Zhongshu “the inborn myriad things” the thought stems from Taoism “the road to live the myriad things”. In Dong Zhongshus day Daoist temple “the Yuan” and “the day” is the myriad things source, he integrates the masculine and feminine elements, five lines in the predecessor day Daoist temples foundation and so on thought. The masculine and feminine elements, five lines are the sun component elements they have the natural materiality, has its own law of motion. By the masculine and feminine elements, five line of constructions sun system, its movement also has its own rule, therefore the sun movement is naturally, this i.e. Taoism complies with the nature, to govern by non-interference naturally. Sun ina