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Chapter 5 visual displays of dynamic informationUse of dynamic information and visual display:Quantitative displaysQualitative displaysSignal and warning lightsRepresentational displaysUse of dynamic information:Quantitative readings (reading a precise numeric value)Qualitative readings (read an approximate value or to discern a trend, rate of change, or change in direction)Check readings (if parameters are within some “normal” bound, be warned of risks or dangers)Situation awareness (get situation awareness and predict future status)Quantitative visual displaysConventional quantitative displays are mechanical devicesFixed scale with moving pointer (analog) (preferred)Moving scale with fixed pointer (analog)Digital display (counters)Make analog displays possible to present electronically generated features.Scale range (量程), graduation interval (最小刻度), numbered interval (标称,标度间隔,两个有标度值的间隔), scale unit (最小可读值)Digital displays are generally superior to analog displays under the following conditionsA precise numeric value is required (quantitative reading)The values presented remain visible long enough to be read (are not continually changing)Selection of analog displaysIn general, a pointer moving against a fixed scale is preferredStraight line scale to do some natural interpretation (more/less, up/down)Pointer-scale to avoid reverse errors in readingManual control over the moving element is expected, moving pointer design is preferredMovement and changes are slight and variable, moving pointer design is preferredIf range is too large to be shown on the face, use moving scale designDon’t mix types of pointer –scale indicatorsSpecial features of conventional quantitative displaysNumeric progression of scales (graduation level 1s, 5s,…不要太奇怪)Length of scale unit (0.05~0.07in, 1.3~1.8mm)Design of scale markers (1, 10…地方标记)Scale markers and interpolation (5, 10之类的地方可忍受地加粗)Design of pointers (tip angle 200, have the tip meet the smallest scale markers, have the pointer close
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