布鲁菌属微生物教材.pptVIP

Medical Microbiology Department of Microbiology, HMU 第二篇 致病性细菌 第24章　布鲁菌属 Brucella 微生物学教研室 钟照华教授 商庆龙讲师 教学大纲 掌握内容 掌握主要生物学性状（抗原构造与分型） 熟悉内容 熟悉布鲁菌的免疫性及微生物学检查法 了解内容 了解布鲁菌的防治原则 问题 布鲁菌抗原构造与分型？ 布鲁菌是如何致病的？ 布鲁菌引起的免疫反应如何？ 布鲁菌属 Brucella 引起人类、家畜和其它动物布鲁菌病 分6个生物种 羊布鲁菌 B. melitensis 牛布鲁菌 B. abortus 猪布鲁菌 B. suis 鼠布鲁菌 B. meotomae 绵羊布鲁菌 B. ovis 犬布鲁菌 B. canis 所致疾病 母畜流产 赤藓醇－－胎盘、绒毛膜含量高 波浪热 Undulant fever 微生物学检查法 分离培养与鉴定 血清学试验 凝集试验 补体结合试验 抗球蛋白试验 IgA不完全抗体干扰试验 皮肤试验 布鲁菌素（brucellin）试验 防治原则 严格管理病畜，消灭动物感染 预防接种 家蓄 易感人群 牧区、屠宰场工作人员 急性期抗生素治疗 四环素、青霉素 Brucella species Summary Biology Small gram-negative rods without capsule Obligatory aerobic Grows slowly in enriched culture media with 10% CO2 H2S + Pathogens Human pathogen Animal reservoirs Brucella melitensis goat, sheep Brucella abortus cattle Brucella suis pig Transmission Enter human body by Ingestion of contaminated milk products Through the skin directly contact in an occupational setting such as abattoir Pathogenesis Brucella localized in the reticuloendothelial system (lymph nodes, liver, spleen, and bone marrow) Cause granulomatosis, abscess, and caseation No exotoxin is produced, so endotoxin is the major virulent factor Disease: Brucellosis Animal Abortion Human Weakness and fatigue Enlarged lymph nodes, liver, and spleen Undulant fever (rising-and-falling fever) Occurs in a few patients Diagnosis Isolation Sample: blood, bone marrow Serological examination Agglutination test Complement fixation test Coombs test Skin test Prevention Therapy Pasteurization of milk Immunization Animals Occupational high-risk persons Slaughtering of infected animals Treatment with tetracycline and penicillin