非谓语动词的时态和语态精选.pptVIP

非谓语动词的时态和语态 不定式的时态与语态: 1.不定式的时态与语态的基本形式（以do为例） 不定式一般式的用法: ⑴ 表示将来,即表示发生在谓语动作之后的动作: We decided to leave early. He asked me to buy him some paper. ⑵表示与谓语动作同时发生或略先于谓语动作的动作: Who heard him say that? I’m sorry to hear that. 不定式进行式的用法: ⑴表示与谓语动作同时发生且正在进行的动作: He seems to be saying something. He is thought to be hiding in the woods. ⑵正如可用进行式表将来一样,不定式进行式有时也 可表将来: The old man seems to be dying. He was happy to be coming home. ⑵表示过去未曾实现的愿望: I should like to have come earlier. We were to have been married last year.（我们原打算去年结婚。） 不定式完成进行式的用法: 表示在谓语动作之前一直在进行的动作: You seem to have been writing very long. The battle was said to have been going on for two days. 分词的时态与语态: 1.doing(一般式)表示的动作可以与谓语动作同时,也可以在谓语动作之前或之后,有时没有明确的先后关系: ⑴与谓语动作同时发生: He kept smiling. Everyone is practicing speaking English. ⑵发生在谓语动作之后（固定用法） He advised leaving early. Would you mind opening the window? ⑶发生在谓语动作之前（固定用法） : I remember mailing the letter. ⑷没有明确的先后关系（泛指、常理）: Teaching is learning. Learning a foreign language is not easy. 2.having done: 动名词完成式主要表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作或状态: He forgot having promised to write her. I have no idea of his having done such a thing. * 无 To have been doing 完成进行式 to have been done to have done 完成式 无 to be doing 进行式 to be done to do 一般式 被动语态 主动语态 不定式的完成式. 表示在谓语动作之前发出的动作。 The novel was said to have been published. I mean to have told you about it, but I forgot to do so. 无 To have been doing 完成进行式 to have been done to have done 完成式 无 to be doing 进行式 to be done to do 一般式 被动语态 主动语态 having been done having done 完成式 being done doing 一般式 现在分词 无 done 一般式 过去分词 被动形式 主动形式 The problem____ next is of great importance. The problem____ now is of great importance. The problem____ just now is of treat importance. discussed B. being discussed C. to be discussed 根据非谓自带的时间状语确定主动或被动的 具体形式 A ______ B __ C ___ 根据上下文的谓语动词与非谓动词发生 的先后关系确定 ---Li Ming is said ____ abroad. Do you know what country ---Yes, In London. A. to have studied B. to study C. to be studying D. to