戴炜栋主编英语语言学教程第5章课件Syntax.pptVIP

Infl realized by a tense label 由时态标签体现的Infl句子中心词语（4 -4） InflP（=S） NP VP NP Det N Infl V Det N A boy Pst found the book Infl realized by an auxiliary由助动词标签体现的Infl句子中心词语(4-5) InflP（=S） VP NP NP Det N Infl V Det N A boy will find the book 4.6 Transformations转换 --- special type of rules that can move an element from one position to another A transformation means a process to transform a sentence from deep structure into surface structure which maybe involve the following: ? Auxiliary movement (inversion) ? Do insertion ? Wh-movement 4.6.1 Auxiliary movement助动词移位 (inversion倒置规则) (See p. 52 about yes-no question) The train will arrive. ?Will the train arrive? Rule:Inversion? Move Infl to the left of the subject NP. Rule:Inversion (revised)? Move Infl to C. C CP S Det N Infl V the train will arrive NP Auxiliary movement (inversion) CP S C NP Infl Det N Infl V Will the train e arrive  英语语言学 English Linguistics  Chapter Four  Syntax Introductin to the focus 1. Syntax, Chomsky and his TG grammar 2. Categories (word level and phrase level) 3. XP rules Coordination rule 4. Elements of phrase (heads, specifier, complements and modifiers 5. Sentences 6. Transformaton (deep and surface structure; Auxiliary movement, Do-insertion and Wh-movement) 4.1 What is syntax? ---- a system of rules that govern the formation of grammatical sentences. (how words are combined to form sentences) Syntax (Greek) syntax = syn + tax ↓ ↓ together to arrange