自动控制理论-slide1.pdfVIP

Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Introduction • Control system engineers are concerned with understanding and controlling systems to provide economic products for society. • The twin goals of understanding and control are complementary: effective system control requires that the systems be understood and modeled, control engineering must consider the control of poorly understood systems. • Control engineering is based on the foundations of feedback theory and linear system analysis, and integrates the concepts of network theory and information theory. It is not limited to any engineering discipline. • A control system is an interconnection of components forming a system configuration that will provide desired system response. A component or a process to be controlled can be presented by a block, as illustrated in Fig. 1.1 input output Process Figure 1.1: Process to be controlled 1 2 CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION A Toaster (in Fig. DSC00835.JPG and Toaster.doc) is a very simple example of a control system: The desired darkness of the toasted bread is set by the knob, or timer, and represents the input quantity. The degree of darkness or crispness of the toasted bread is the output quantity. Since in the toasting process no comparison between the desired darkness and the toasted bread is performed, or in other words, the input quantity is not influenced by the output quantity, it is not ensured that the degree of darkness of the product is satisfactory. One may think that when a toasting process is completed, we can