关系词.pptVIP

第三章 关系词;概说;第一节 关系代词;3.关系代词使用三原则 a. 关系代词之前要有先行词 b. 关系代词在所引导的定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语 c. 否则关系代词之前一定要有介词 He is a good student who studies hard. He is a boy whom everyone loves. He is a man for whom I enjoy working. He is a man with whom I enjoy working. This is a problem which we should solve right away. He has a car which was made in Germany. ;4. 介词与关系代词 He is a man with whom I enjoy working. =He is a man whom I enjoy working with. The house in which we live is very large. =The house which we live in is very large. 但有些固定短语动词，在定语从句中出现时，不宜将介词置于关系代词之前，以保持该动词的完整性。 pay attention to...注意 call on...拜访... take over...接管... get rid of... 摆脱... ;This is a question you should pay attention to. The man I called on yesterday is my teacher. 5.which a.John, who was lazy,scored quite high marks on the exam,which somewhat surprised. b.He smokes three packs of cigarettes a day, which definitedly does harm to his health. 6.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别 a. 非限制性定语从句 先行词为专有名词（如Tom/Africa）及独一性名词（如father/mother）,之后若接关系代词引导的定语从句时，该关系代词之前一定要置逗号，翻译成中文时，按顺序译出来。;? He has just come back from New York, which is a very big city in the United States. ? I met John, who is my classmate. ? Here comes my father, who is an English teacher. ? Thats my only son, who is attending college now. ? I went to the train station this morning, which was crowed with passengers. b.限制性定语从句 先行词为一般名词，将之译成“......的”，其关系代词前不加逗号。 I like the book which he bought yesterday. ;7.关系代词的省略 8.that 作关系代词 a.that 之前不准有逗号 b.that之前不可有词 I like the girl that/who is sitting there. I like the pretty girl,that comes here every Monday.(×) This is the knife with that he killed Mary.(×) 9.只能用that的情况 a. 序数词后 Gambling is the last thing that i would do. ;b. 最高级之后 He is the best student that Ive ever taught. c.the very+名词中的very 为形容词，一种强调用法 He is the very man that I met yesterday. =He is the just man that I met yesterday. d. all 之后 All the students that are studying here are hardworking. All that he said is true. e. the only + 名词之后 He is the on