解剖运动系统2.pptVIP

Locomotor system compose： bones：lever作为杠杆 Joints：axis轴 muscles：motive force 动力 Osteology Skeletal system [skel?t(?)l] [,?st??l?d??] 骨学 一.compose 构成 Bones: 206 Skeleton [skel?t(?)n] 骨骼；骨架 Living organ 活体器官 Abundant in blood and nervous 丰富的血液和神经 Possesses the ability具有的能力： Reconstruction [ri?k?nstr?k?n] 重建 Repair修复 Regeneration [r?d?en?re??n]再生 二.The shape and classification of bones Long bones Short bones Flat bones Irregular bones 不规则骨头 [?regj?l?] 1.Long bones （1）Shaft or Body or Diaphysis [da??f?s?s]骨干 Medullary [m?d?,l?ri] cavity延髓 Marrow [m?r??] 骨髓 （2）Extremities [ikstremitis] 骨端 Epiphysis [?p?f?s?s] 骺 Articular surface关节面 Articular cartilage关节软骨 ！！：epipysial cartilage[kɑ?t(?)l?d?]骺软骨 （3）Location: in limbs 骨体 三.The bones of the trunk 躯干骨 the vertebrae[v?:tibri:] 椎骨 the sternum [st??n?m]胸骨 the ribs 肋骨 2.Bones of lower limb 下肢骨 Including: 1) The pelvic girdle骨盆带: two hip bones Sacrum[se?kr?m]骶骨 coccyx[k?ks?ks]尾骨 2) the bones of free lower limb: the thigh(femur), leg (tibia and fibula), foot(the ankle, instep and five toes) femur[fi?m?]股骨 tibia[t?b??]胫骨 Fibula[f?bj?l?]腓骨 patella [p?tel?] 膝盖骨 tarsal[tɑ?s(?)l]跗骨 Metatarsal[,met?tɑ?s(?)l]跖骨 phalanges[f?l?nd?i?z]趾骨 When we were chrildren, lower limb bone into the iliac crest, sciatic and pubic bone and cartilage 幼年时，下肢带骨分为髂骨，坐骨和耻骨以及软骨连接 Joint [d???nt]关节 一.the diathroses（synovial joints）滑膜关节 （1）the basic structures Articular [ɑ?t?kj?l?] surface 关节面 Articular capsule关节囊 Articular (joint) cavity 关节腔 （2）The accessory structures Ligaments [l?g?m(?)nt] 韧带 Articular disk关节盘 Articular labrum [le?br?m] 关节唇 Synovial fold and bursa 滑膜襞和滑膜囊 [sa?nov??l] [sa?nov??l] [b??s?] 二.The vertebral column as a whole and its movements 脊柱的外观和运动 cervical [s??v?k(?)l] and lumbar [l?mb?] curves→forwar