杂环化学-2.pptVIP

2 Systematic Nomenclature of Heterocyclic Compounds 杂环化学物的系统命名 Examples for Heterocycles 2.1 Hantzsch-Widman NomenclatureType of heteroatom The type of heteroatom is indicated by a prefix according to Table 1. The sequence in this table also indicates the preferred order of prefixes (principle of deer easing priority). 2.1 Hantzsch-Widman Nomenclature? Ring size The ring size is indicated by a suffix according to Table 2. Some of the syllables are derived from Latin numerals, namely ir from tri, et from tetra, ep from hepta, oc from octa, on from nona, ec from deca. 2.1 Hantzsch-Widman Nomenclature? Monocydic systems The compound with the maximum number of noncumulative double bonds is regarded as the parent compound of the monocyclic systems of a given ring size. The naming is carried out by combining one or more prefixes from Table 1 with a suffix from Table 2. If two vowels succeed one another, the letter a is omitted from the prefix, e.g. azirine (not azairine). Note that trivial names are permitted for some systems, e.g. pyrrole, pyridine. 2.1 Hantzsch-Widman Nomenclature? Monocydic systems Partly or completely saturated rings are denoted by the suffixes according to Table 2. If no ending is specified, the prefixes dihydro-, tetrahydro-, etc. should be used. 2.1 Hantzsch-Widman Nomenclature? Monocyclic systems, one heteroatom The numbering of such systems starts at the heteroatom. 2.1 Hantzsch-Widman Nomenclature? Monocyclic systems, two or more identical heteroatoms The prefixes di-, tri-, tetra-, etc., are used for two or more heteroatoms of the same kind. When indicating the relative positions of the heteroatoms, the principle of the lowest possible numbering is used, i.e. the numbering of the system has to be carried out in such a way that the heteroatoms are given the lowest possible set of locants: 2.1 Hantzsch-Widman Nomenclature? Monocyclic systems, two or more different heteroatoms For heteroatoms of different kinds, prefixes are used in