CEC 3 English History 24 2011-2012学年第一学期英语国家文化课件（英国历史及相关知识框架）.ppt

English History 2/4 with Archeology, Government and legal system The Wife of Bath James Joyce English History Invasions, the five invaders 1066 2. Conquest, House of Plantagenet, Renaissance 3. Reformation, House of Tudor, 1688 4. Revolution and restoration, House of Stuart, and House of Hannover/Windsor Conflicts over the power Church Monarchy Parliament Anglo-Saxon houses (Germans) House of Anjou/Plantagenet (French) House of Lancaster/York (Descendent from the French) House of Tudor (Welsh) House of Stuart (Scottish/Dutch) House of Hannover (German) Germans Vikings Normans Way of conquer By war By marriage Ruling class, nobles/peers, prefer keeping the power within the class rather than within the nation. Compare with China, think why? Three parts of House of Plantagenet The Normans, feudalism The Angevins, legal system The Plantagenets, weaken nobilities House of Lancaster/York, perished nobilities William the Bastard The Duke of Normandy William the Conqueror William I Henry III Edward I Edward II Edward III Richard II War of Roses Perish of almost all aristocracy in England, thus, the Tudors. How did William become the King? Capture of Harold on Normandy Harold making oath on relics Harold’s coronation William preparing for the battle Harold’s death Consequence Lessening Scandinavian influence. A sophisticated governmental system. English language and culture. Rivalry with France (Hundred Years War) 1. Feudalism A monarchy own all the land. The monarchy (overlord) give some land (fee, if inheritable, tenure) to nobles (vassal) in return for loyalty and military service. Overlord, 君主 Fee: fief, fiefdom,封地，封地制 Vassalage, 诸侯，诸侯身份 3. Doomsday Book First census since Romans 2. Council folkmoots Witenagemot 627-1066 King’s Council (Curia Regis) 1066- 1215 Parliament of England 1215-1707 contribution of William II 1. Legal system: Trial by jury instead of ordeal or combat Common law Circulating justic