Differences between E C writing 大学英语写作教学课件.ppt

 Differences between E C writing Chinese thought pattern—circular; Western thought pattern—linear. Chinese writing—personal; western writing—objective. Chinese writing—honors the use of proverbs set phrases; western—emphasizes creativity individualism. Differences 4. Chinese—values models imitation; western—encouraged to develop their own unique style. 5. Chinese—more militant in their language tone (esp. in persuasive writing); western—give suggestion opinions, encourage them make their own choices. Differences 6. Chinese writing—state a moral or a specific lesson to be learned from an issue or event; western—1) not every issue has a moral, 2) the lesson one person learns may be different from others, 3) the moral the lesson may be clearly presented in the story to restate it as a specific point would be redundant or trite. Welcome to writing class! The basic differences between E C Russian, German etc – all-around language （综合型语言）(从语言形态学 morphology 的角度说: 性、数、格的变化，通过词本身的形态变化来表达语法意义）; BUT, Chinese – analyzing（分析型语言）. For example: “学习”、“困难”、“危险”（名词？动词？形容词？），“the study of politics”, “to study politics”； “to overcome difficulties”； “a difficult problem”； “to get out of danger”；“exceedingly dangerous”.（这种语言中的语法关系主要不是通过词本身的形态变化来表达，而是通过虚词、词序等手段来表示） Continued 一吨煤用不了一个月， 三天读一本书， 他昨天坐车到郊外， 一会儿再说， 屡战屡败， 一个月用不了一吨煤； 一本书读三天； 他昨天到郊外坐车； 再说一会儿； 屡败屡战。 Continued 3. English -- ? （综合型向分析型过渡的语言） I am writing a letter.（正在写） I wrote a letter yesterday.（写了） I have written a letter. （已经写了）（A—C综合型） I shall write a letter tomorrow.（准备写） （分析型） Grammar differences: E C – the comparison between sentence constructions 1. E – hypotaxis（形合—主要靠语言本身语法手段，英语结构因此紧凑严密）; C – parataxis（意合—主要靠句子内部逻辑联系，汉语结构因此简练明快）. 著名汉语学家王力教授：“西洋语法是硬的，没有弹性；中国语法是软的，富有弹性。……所以中国语法以达意为主。”“英国人写文章往往化零为整，而中国人写文章往往化整为零） Grammar differences “就句子的结构而言,西洋语言是法治的,中国语言是人治的.” 王力 《中国语法理论》 “英语句子好比一棵参天大树，一串葡萄，一串珍珠，一树荔枝。而汉语（句子）好比一根竹子，一盘珠子，一江波涛。” 陈安定 1998-7 English Chinese The definition(s) of hypotaxis pa