How to Write Research Papers 老外英文协作.ppt

Writing Research Papers 1 Choosing a Topic Select a topic interest to yourself The topic should offer opportunities for investigation, for discovery of something new, different, or original, and for the formulation of judgments Be wary of topics that are too recent, too specialized, and too geographically removed for you to obtain adequate materials Choosing a topic-Continued A news item in this week’s newspaper might appear interesting, but research materials would most likely be limited to recent articles and editorials that would permit little depth for development. Some topic are so specialized and classified that research itself becomes the sole end A regional topic is permissible, even encouraged, if it centers around your own geographic region Research studies should avoid certain topics. Can be handled only by restating the research material Topics that are too broad Choosing a topic-Continued Carefully determine the nature of the assignment. Prepare a process paper that documents the step-by-step procedures used to reach your findings. In this case, pay attention to your research techniques, that is ,how and where you found the information. A product paper that gives the factual results of your research with listings, graphs, charts, maps, and so on. You must go through step-by-step procedures, arrive at certain findings, and present your critical commentary about the subject. You should select a topic that will permit you to express your reasoned judgments and your guarded opinions with support from your source materials. Preliminary Reading A thorough familiarity with your material before attempting to restrict the subject. Provide an overview of the subject Furnish the beginning of a working bibliography Determine the availability of relevant reference materials Make possible a careful restriction of the subject Begin with a book, journal or a general survey Restricting the subject You should not be too ambitious in what you attempt to cover. Your supp