Lecture 11 lexical cohesion 英语词汇学 教学课件.pptVIP

Chapter 11 Lexical Cohesion 1. knowledge of cohesion 2. Grammatical cohesion 3. lexical cohesion Definition of cohesion How can elements of a text be tied together into a coherent whole? A text is not a random collection of lexical items or sentences at random. Instead, it must be semantically unified. Cohesion is the grammatical and lexical relationship within a text or sentence. Cohesion can be defined as the links that hold a text together and give it meaning. It is related to the broader concept of coherence, which will be elaborated in next lecture. There are two main types of cohesion: grammatical, referring to the structural content, and lexical, referring to the language content of the piece. A cohesive text is created in many different ways. In Cohesion in English, Halliday and Hasan identify five general categories of cohesive devices that create coherence in texts: reference, ellipsis, substitution, lexical cohesion, and conjunction. Here, cohesive ties refer to one occurrence of a pair of cohesively related items, the single instance of cohesion. Three blind mice, three blind mice. See how they run! See how they run! three mice Three blind mice, three blind mice. See how they run! See how they run! The relation between ________ and _____ can be regarded as cohesive ties Task 1 Brainstorming Please help make a complete sentence with the part mentioned above Peter had a wife but he couldn’t keep her It is clear that wife and her are in the relation of cohesive ties. Cohesive ties may be either grammatical devices such reference, ellipsis, and substitution, and conjunction, or lexical devices such as general words, reiteration and collocation. A brief introduction will be given to grammatical devices while lexical devices should be introduced in detail. Grammatical devices Reference refers to the semantic relations in which a word or words are used to enable the addressee to identify someone or something. Reference falls into two categories: They