Lecture 13 Passive Voice 汉英翻译 教学课件.pptVIP

Exercise (1) Our International Club was founded a year ago to help foreign businessmen in this city meet together. (2) Earthquakes seem less easy to be controlled by man than weather. (3) Because of its cost, it is limited in practical use. (4) Steps can be taken to prevent the spread of the disease. (5) She told me that her master had dismissed her. No reason had been given; no objection had been made to her conduct. She had been forbidden to appeal to her mistress. Passive Voice Passive voice is used more often in English than in Chinese. Its wide use is considered to be one of the outstanding features of English, especially in English scientific works We can find some passive voice in Chinese, but we seldom use it, which, to some degree, is related with the Chinese way of thinking. In the ancient times, Chinese people placed more emphasis on themselves in conversation or thinking, i.e. the subjective thinking was often involved. Ways to translate passive voice Converting passive voice into active voice 译成汉语的主动句 Keeping the passive structure unchanged 译成汉语的被动句 Translating into structures indicating passivity 译成含被动意义的汉语特殊结构 　 3. Other forms of energy can be changed to electric energy by generators. 发电机可把其他形式的能量转换成电能。 4. We are kept strong and well by clean air. 洁净的空气使我们身强体健。 5. The workers were seen fixing the machine. 　有人看见工人们在修理机器。 Translation of commonly used passive structures 有一类以it作为形式主语的常用英文被动句型，在译文中常改成主动句型。有时不加主语; 有时需要加上不确定的主语，如“有人”，“大家”，“人们”，“我们”等等。 １) 不加主语 　It is reported that the movie star died of a drug overdose. 　据报道，这位影星死于服药过量。 It is hoped that… 希望…… It is said that… 据说…… It is supposed that… 据推测…… It may be said without fear of exaggeration that… 可以毫不夸张地说…… It must be admitted/pointed out that… 必须承认/指出…… It will be seen from this that… 由此可见…… ２)可加主语的 It is believed that… 有人/人们相信（认为）…… It is well known that… 大家知道，众所周知， It will be said that… 有人会说， It is asserted that… 有人主张…… It is generally accepted that… 大家/人们普遍认为…… It was told