An Evaluation of the Effects of Susceptibility Changes on the Water Chemical Shift Method of Temperature Measurement in Human Peripheral Muscle英文文献.pdfVIP

An Evaluation of the Effects of Susceptibility Changes on the Water Chemical Shift Method of Temperature Measurement in Human Peripheral Muscle Ian R. Young, Joseph V. Hajnal, Idris G. Roberts, Junxiao X. Ling, Roger J. Hill-Cottingham, Angela Oatridge, Jason A. Wilson Divergencies between chemical shift measurements of tem- length near infrared measurements (6, 7) to endeavor to perature and directly measured values using optical sensors understand the changes we detected. have beenstudied in vivo in human peripheral muscle with the In addition we used finite element modeling of both assistance of a variety of experimental and theoretical tech- the thermoheat equation in two dimensions and suscep- niques. These include the modeling of both thermal and sus- tibility effects in three dimensions. The former was de- ceptibility changes using two- and three-dimensional finite signed to assess the sensitivity of our measurements to element methods, as well as the use of multi-wavelengthnear infrared observations. The conclusion of these studies is that positional errors, as well as predicting temperatures at a simple temperature calibration is not accessible, with re- other than the relatively few spot locations at which sults affected by the complex response of the tissue itself. sensors could be implanted. The latter was intended to Key words: temperature measurement; chemical shift; ther- provide estimates of the changes in susceptibility in the mal modeling; susceptibility effects. tissue arising from the varying temperature of the water used for cooling, and alterations in paramagnetic compo-