Noise distribution in SENSE and GRAPPA reconstructed images a computer simulation study英文文献.pdfVIP

Magnetic Resonance Imaging 25 (2007) 1089–1094 Noise distribution in SENSE- and GRAPPA-reconstructed images: a computer simulation study Per Thunberg4, Per Zetterberg ¨ ¨ Department of Biomedical Engineering, Orebro University Hospital, S-70185 Orebro, Sweden Received 26 September 2006; revised 14 November 2006; accepted 25 November 2006 Abstract This work presents a descriptive study of noise distributions in images reconstructed according to the parallel imaging methods SENSE and GRAPPA. In the computer simulations, two different settings were used for describing an object. The first setting included a synthetic object and eight complex-valued coil sensitivities. In the second setting, a complex-valued in vitro object, composed of four individual coil images, was used. After adding noise and subsampling k -space for each coil image, reconstruction was performed according to SENSE, with and without regularization, and GRAPPA for different reduction factors. A set of images was created for three different reduction factors. Noise distributions were determined for each data set and compared with each other. The results of this study show that the noise distributions in SENSE- and GRAPPA-reconstructed images differ. The noise in images reconstructed according to GRAPPA has a more uniform spatial distribution compared with SENSE-reconstructed images, in which the noise varies regionally according to the geometry factor. The noise distribution in SENSE-reconstructed images using regularization showed a similar but lowered pattern of noise compared with images reconstructed according to SENSE