湖北省宜昌市高中英语Unit4BodylanguagePartIIIGrammar学案无答案新人教版必修.docVIP

Unit 4 Body language PartIII Grammar V-ing作状语 一.【学习目标】掌握。 【自主预习】V-ing 形式由 “do＋ing” 构成, 其否定形式是 “not doing”, V-ing 可以带宾语或状语构成 V-ing 短语, 没有人称和数的变化, 但有时态和语态的变化。 作定语 V-ing 形式可以单独充当名词的前置修饰语, 这时有两种情况。 1) -ing形式表示 “供作......之用”的意思, 这类作定语的-ing形式过去叫动名词。 (1) A swimming pool= a pool for swimming (2) In the following years he worked even harder. 在后来的几年中，他学习更努力了。 (3) The man speaking to the teacher is our monitors father.正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。 2) -ing形式表示 “......的” 意思, 过去叫现在分词, -ing形式短语作定语时一般放在它所修饰的名词之后, 相当于一个定语从句。 (1) A sleeping child=a child who is sleeping (2) working people=people (3) the rising sun= the sun ________________________ (4) They are visitors coming from several countries. =They are visitors _________________________________several countries (5)The boy standing there is a classmate of mine. =The boy _____________________ is a classmate of mine. 二．作状语 现在分词在语法功能上相当于动词、形容词和副词。现在分词通常和逻辑主语之间存在主动关系。但要注意它地各种形式变化：现在分词作状语往往和逻辑主语之间存在主动关系。现在分词作状语，常常用来表示原因、时间、方式、结果、条件、伴随状况等。现在分词一般不用作表目的地状语（通常用不定式表目的地状语）。 1) Hearing the bell, the students began to enter the classroom. 听见铃声，学生们开始走进教室。（听见和进入两个动作同时发生） ) Having done the work, he went home. 完成了工作，他就回家了。 1. 表时间状语 1）Walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.(=When I was walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.)在街道上散步，我遇到了我的一个朋友。 2）, he read a copy of China Daily.(=While he was waiting for the bus, he read a copy of China Daily. (在等候公共汽车的时候 3）, he got frightened.= When he heard the news, he got frightened. (听到这个消息 2. 表原因状语 1）Being poor, he couldn’t afford a TV set.=Because of being poor , he couldn’t afford a TV set.由于贫穷，他买不起电视机。 2）Being injured by a car, he didn’t go to school.(=as he was injured by a car，he didn’t go to school)由于被车撞伤，他没有上学。 3）, I called him.(As I thought he might be at home, I called him.) (由于想到它或许在家 3. 表方式、伴随情况状语 作伴随状语分词表示的动作，必须是主语的一个动作，或是与谓语所表示动作（或状态）同时发生，或是对谓语表示动词（或状态）作进一步地补充说明。 1) Four people entered the room, in a curious way.= Four people enter th