加拿大社会历史.pptVIP

Chapter 2 European Exploration (up to 1670) Exploration (based on desire of profit) 2 reasons: European countries want to search for short and cheap routes to the riches of the Far East( India and China). From 1450 to 1600 there was an age of exploration in Europe. World exploration and mercantilism The theory of mercantilism was a major reason behind European exploration and colonization of the world. The kings and queens of Europe encouraged overseas exploration and establishment of colonies for trade. Before colonies could be established, lands unknown to the Europeans had to be explored. Native and European Interaction European explorers came to here for fishing, which leaded o the early contact with the Vikings. Also the first merchants came to the New World for fish, then the rapidly expanding fur market kept them there. An exchange of technology Native people: hunting, trapping, snowshoeing, canoeing, also provide remedies for illness such as scurvy Europeans: goods (tools weapons and cooking utensils) Ethnocentrism种族优越感 Spiritual beliefs, political organization, and technology were different from Europeans, which cause difficult understanding and interpretation between them. Colonization Claiming lands by plant a huge cross/flag of the explorers home country into the earth of the land being claimed, which was recognized by other European countries. By claiming lands they have rights to control for all the people, land, resources and trade,despite the fact that native people live here for thousands of years. French and English were impressed with the Spanish success at colonization in central and South America, so they also longed to become wealthy and began to colonize the area of North America the had claimed.(fishing industry and fur trade) French colonization France has been too busy with European wars to concentrate on colonization. The French government granted trading monopolies to trading companies that promised to invest a portion of their