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英国拉夫堡大学教授讲学课件 Int factors and nat sport policy - Houlihan - Beijing
* Managing elite development, mass levels of physical activity * Shape actors perceptions of problems and solutions * * * * * * * * e.g. ageing population in Europe tending to produce similar policy responses Convergence is ‘movement over time towards some identified common point’ e.g. the US model of sport * BUT values shape governmentalisation: China (authoritarianism); Singapore/France (centralism); Norway/Germany (soc dem/federalism and history); USA (neo-liberalism) * * * International factors affecting national sport policy: The case of elite sport development Professor Barrie Houlihan Loughborough University, UK Structure of the presentation Findings from two comparative studies of elite sport development systems A framework for analysis International forces and national level institutional constraints Mechanisms of international influence on sport policy: International policy regimes Policy learning, lesson-drawing and policy transfer Path dependency Policy determines politics Discussion and conclusions Findings from 2005 comparative studies of elite sport development systems Four elements common to the three elite sport systems (Canada, Australia UK): Elite facility development Support for ‘full-time’ athletes Provision of sport science/medicine support A hierarchy of domestic competition opportunities tailored to international events Underpinned by public investment Strong similarities with the systems developed in the USSR and refined by the GDR Findings from 2007 studies of nine elite sport development systems (China, Japan, Singapore, Germany, France, Poland, Norway, New Zealand US) Broadly similar findings BUT: US exceptionalism More prominent commodification Dominance of business values more evident Strong state intervention, but varying degrees of ruthlessness Explaining policy stability and change: a framework for analysis Need a framework for analysis of interaction between international/ exogenous forces and domestic processes Metaphor of
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