[英语]语法 定语从句.pptVIP

Unit4 Grammar: the Attributive Clause ( I ) 定语从句 What is the attribute(定语)? 1.He is an honest boy. 2.The falling/fallen leaves are flying in the sky. 3. What’s your telephone number? 4.The boys on the playground are playing basketballs. (形容词) (现在/过去分词) (名词) (介词短语) What is the attribute clause? (定语从句) 【Answer】是句子作定语，简单地讲，作定语的句子就叫定语从句。 1.A plane is a machine that can fly. 2.The foreigner who visited our school yesterday is from Canada. 3. This is a basket that I want to put flowers in. 一.Definition (定义) ●在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 ●引导定语从句的连词叫关系词。 ●被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 ▲位置：定语从句通常紧跟在先行词之后。 ▲定语从句的结构：先行词 + 关系词 + 从句 He is a little boy. He is eating noodles. He is a little boy who is eating noodles. He is a little boy (who is eating noodles). 先行词 放置于名词之_____，修饰 名词的从句 关系代词 1.连接作用 3.在从句中充当成分 后 2.在从句中代替先行词 1. The boy who is reading is Tom. (先行词 _______; 关系词________ ) 2. Hospital is a place where a doctor works. (先行词：______; 关系词________ ) 例句： the boy who a place where 二. 关系词的分类及其功能 1.关系代词：在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语，常用的关系代词有： that, which, who, whom, whose. 2. 关系副词：在定语从句中作状语，常用的关系副词有： when, where, why. 三. 关系代词的基本用法和注意点 关系代词 指代的先行词 充当从句的成分 that 人或物 主语、宾语 which 物 主语、宾语 who 人 主语、宾语 whom 人 宾语 whose 人或物 定语 1. who指人,在定语从句中作主语 (1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. (1) Mr. Liu is the person whom you talked about on the bus. (2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see. 2. whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语，可省略。 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (3) The man （who/whom） you met just now is my friend. (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. (2) This is the pen which he bought yesterday. 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 作宾语 作主语 4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 (1) The number of the people that come to visit the city each year is increasing. (2) Where is the man that I saw this morning? (3) Please give me the book that you’re reading. who whom which (1) The room whose win