[英语学习]translation criticism introduction.pptVIP

林纾译文只传达了原文的主要内容，至少漏译了“the blank of my infancy,” “from a confusion of things.” 许译文漏译了“blank”一词，此外均达到了“忠实、通顺”的翻译标准。董译虽未漏译这个词，但译之为“空白”，显然选错了词义，因为该词在这里意思是“mental confusion”。张译中的“混沌未凿的岁月”算是正确表达了词义。另外，对于“objects”（这里指人）和”infancy ”(孩提时代，幼年)的翻译也有差异。总体来看，张译较好。不过，张译中把“infancy”译作“童年”没有许译得“孩提时代”或董译的“幼年”确切。 “前室中坐一铜御官佣，似关中人，形象逼真，神韵生动。” The driver is kneeling at the front Cabin in Official Costume, with a sword at his waist who, vividly featured, looking just like a man born in Guanzhong. “那柳湘莲原系世家子弟……素性爽侠，不拘细事，酷好刷枪舞剑，赌博吃酒，以至眠花卧柳，吹笛弹筝，无所不为。” Liu Xiang-lian was a young man of excellent family….He was of a dashing impulsive nature impatient of niceties. His chief pleasures were exercising with spear or sabre, drinking and gambling but he was not averse to gentler pastimes; he frequented the budding groves and could play on both the flute and zither. 言内因素之“欠额翻译”:译者无视译文的可理解性，或过高估计译语读者的知识，以至于译语读者在译文中得不到理解原文意思所必需的信息的一种情况。 “老王”— Old Wang “惭愧，惭愧！”— feel ashamed “武行者心中要吃，哪里听他分说，一片声喝道： ‘放屁！放屁！’” — Now Wu the priest longed much in his heart of eat and so how could he be willing to listen to this explanation? He bellowed forth, “Pass your Wind – Pass your Wind!” 言内因素导致误译之“超额翻译”：它表现为把原文中只有语用意义的词语译成译语中主要表达指称意义或带有强烈指称色彩的词语。 语境等言内因素的误读导致误译 But what misery laid on Heathcliff could content me, unless I have a hand in it? …oh, I owe him so much. On only one condition can I hope to forgive him. It is, if I may take an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth, for every wrench of agony return a wrench, reduce him to my level …”Wuthering Heights (p. 179) 译文一：可是不管希腊克里夫受多大的折磨，要是没有我叫他吃的一份苦在内，那么怎么能教我心满意足呢？……唉，我欠他的可太多啦。只有一个情况，我才能希望自己饶恕他。那就是，如果我能以眼还眼，以牙还牙…… 译文二：可是除非我也下手，不然，不管希腊克里夫遭到多大的不幸，我都不会满足。 ……啊，我对他的仇可太大了。只有一个情况，使我有希望饶恕他。那就是要我能以眼还眼，以牙还牙…… Austria – 奥地利 America – 美利坚 Atlanta (in Gone with the Wind) – 饿狼陀 Matisse(野兽派的鼻祖) – “马踢死”（徐悲鸿恨之入骨） “members of Congress – liberty – Bunker’s Hill – heroes of seventy-six – and other words which were a Perfect Babylonish jargon to the bewildered Van Winkle.” -- from Washin